| Processing pepper planting and processing have become an important industry in Xinjiang.With the continuous growth of processing pepper planting areas in Xinjiang,diseases and pests are increasing year by year.The commonly used equipment for processing pepper fields is the boom sprayer and The electric air-pressure knapsack?EAP?sprayers.But from the beginning of the flowering and fruit setting period of the pepper,the spraying operation of the boom sprayer will crush the pepper plants and cause damage to the pepper fruits and branches.The electric air-pressure knapsack?EAP?sprayers is low operating efficiency.It is rarely used to control pests and diseases on a large scale.In view of the problems in the application of pesticides in processed pepper fields,this study combines emerging aviation plant protection technology to focus on the relationship between the characteristics of pesticide droplet deposition and the control effect of unmanned aerial vehicle?UAV?in the processing of pepper field spraying operations,and The effect of the agent on the defoliation of processing pepper provides a theoretical basis for the popularization of UAV in the process of pest control of processing pepper.The main research results are as follows:Using a six-rotor UAV and EAP as a sprayer,the UAV was used to reduce the amount of pesticides applied to control Phytophthora capsica and Aphids.20 times,it saves a large economic cost in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.However,because the amount of liquid applied by the UAV is only 1/20of the EAP,the density of droplets is significantly lower than that of the EAP.Due to the high concentration of UAV,the deposits(0.92?g·cm-2 and 0.49?g·cm-2)were higher in the two applications.On the other hand,the median diameter of the droplet volume of the drone spray is?DV50=265.3?m,DV50=279.6?m?,and the atomization effect is significantly higher than that of the EAP.However,due to gravity,large droplets are more likely to settle.Therefore,the droplets sprayed by the EAP have better penetration and better uniformity.Therefore,the effectiveness of backpack sprayers?95.00%and 82.24?is slightly higher than that of UAV?92.44%and 78.59%?.In the study of pesticide reduction and efficiency enhancement based on UAV,the application of pesticides at the doses of 1 times,1/2 times and 1/3 times recommended in the field was used to control Phytophthora capsica and Aphids.The research on the control of peppers showed that the average pesticide deposition(1.01?g·cm-2)and the average effective deposition rate?34.47%?were higher than the field recommended dose of 1 times and 1/2 times.The control effect of the 1/3 times was better in the three treatment?90.00%?.In the control of aphids,the control effect of the three dose treatments 5 days after application was 78.59%,76.68%and 72.45%,respectively.Reflects the comprehensive effect of the concentration of the drug solution and the characteristics of the droplet deposition on the prevention and control effect.Using the six-rotor UAV to add different spray additives to study its defoliation effect on processing pepper.The results showed that the treatment group added with the additive Puliwang had the best droplet coverage rate.Compared with the control treatments(21.27·cm-2,5.49·cm-2)in the upper and middle layers of processing pepper,the addition of spray additives significantly increased the droplet density in the processing pepper plants(27.31·cm-2,8.11·cm-2).Added the Puliwang is conducive to the formation of larger droplets,and the average of the droplet penetration of spray adjuvants is increased by 5.85%.The treatment with added Puliwang has great penetration.Added YS-20?23.33%?and Puliwang?23.13%?pesticide deposition rate achieved good results.The defoliation rate of processing pepper added with Puliwang reached the highest after 15 days?98.40%?. |
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