Design And Experiment Of Trenching And Fertilizing Device For Organic Fertilizer In Dwarf Orchard

Compared with linear furrow fertilization,circular furrow fertilization has higher fertilizer efficiency,but there is currently no equipment for furrow fertilization in the world.Aiming at this problem,a mechanized ring-shaped fertilization technology was proposed,and a curved trench furrow mixing device was developed based on the orchard straw covering machine operating platform.The device is suitable for organic fertilizer,and can complete curve ditching,circular fertilization and fertilizer-soil mixing.Design the device's ditching and mixing mechanism,fertilizer removal system,and curve control mechanism;discrete element simulation analysis of the ditching and mixing device and fertilizer drainage system based on the discrete element method;optimize the device performance through field tests.The main findings are as follows:?1?The mechanized ring trench fertilization technology is proposed and the overall design of the device.A curve ditching and ring ditch mixing fertilizer technology was proposed,and the design requirements of the organic fertilizer ditching and fertilizing device were clarified according to the actual operation requirements of the orchard.;Through demonstration,the vertical spiral was determined as the design scheme,and the overall design of the device was completed.The device mainly includes a ditch mixing fertilizer mechanism,a curve control mechanism and a fertilizer discharge system.?2?The structure design of ditch mixing fertilizer mechanism was carried out.This institution integrates the functions of ditching,fertilizing and mixing fertilizers;The relationship between the pitch,the speed and the resistance torque of the operation was established which are used to determine the speed of the furrow mixer n>280 r/min and the pitch 180 mm<P<210 mm.The discrete element parameters of the organic fertilizer are calibrated by the stacking angle test to determine rolling friction coefficient of the fertilizer0.15,rolling friction coefficient of the fertilizer-steel plate 0.17,and JKR surface energy0.02 J/m².A binary quadratic model of the fertilizer index,the pitch and the speed is established,the determination coefficient R² is 0.98595.Using the fertilizer index as the response value,the optimal pitch is 192 mm,and the appropriate operating speed is determined as 420 r/min;The ANSYS finite element software is used to perform transient dynamic school verification on the gear pair.The knife is designed and its structural parameters are determined according to the principle cutting resistance reduction;after the mechanism design is completed,processing,installation and commissioning are continued.?3?A combination of mechanical trigger and electro-hydraulic integration is adopted as the design scheme of the curve control mechanism;The mechanical structure and key components of the mechanism are designed and selected,and the ANSYS workbench is used to perform a non-damped free modal analysis of the frame to provide a basis for the improvement of the frame structure and the installation of the mechanism;the curve control mechanism and the hydraulic system of the entire machine are built;The STC 89C52RC core board designs the control system of the curve control mechanism;?4?The fertilizer throwing type is selected according to the design requirements of the fertilizer discharge system.The key components are designed and selected.The meta-simulation model was used to establish a fitting equation for the height of the baffle plate h and the amount of fertilizer.The fitted curve equation determines the coefficient R² distribution of the organic fertilizer particles after throwing are studied to provide a basis for structural improvement and establish a binary quadratic model of the coefficient of variation of the fertilizer discharge coefficient of n_cd andd_cd;The EDEM software is used to generate agglomerated and sticky block fertilizers,and to perform a single factor test of the effect of n_cd,d_cd,h on the crushing of block fertilizers was conducted with an average crushing rate of 95.1%.?5?Prototype development and field experiment of ditch root orchard organic fertilizer ditching and fertilizing device.The processing trial production and commissioning of each mechanism of the curve ditching fertilization device were completed,and preliminary field trials were carried out.The single-factor trenching test results show that the stable operating trench is 30 cm deep.The speed regulating oil circuit can adapt to the change of working load.The operating resistance torque and the simulated resistance torque change with the speed,and error is within 22.9%.At a speed of 315-455 r/min,the corresponding simulated mixed fertilizer coefficient is only 0.04-0.16 different from the field mixed fertilizer test.The correctness of discrete element simulation model of furrow mixer.Conducted a curve operation test of the electric-hydraulic curve control mechanism on the road under the fertilizer,adjusted the hydraulic cylinder oil filling to match the travel speed of different vehicles,and measured and analyzed the lower fat trajectory,the electro-hydraulic curve control mechanism met the design requirements.It can be used to control the curve ditching operation of ditching mixed fertilizer mechanism.It can be known from the fertilizer performance test of the fertilizer discharge system that the fertilizer discharge amount is 0.71-2.82 kg/s,which meets the design requirements.