Study On Quality Improvement And Efficiency Of Different Grape Varieties By Two Shaping Methods

【Objective】In this study,The main grape varieties Monukka,Red Globe and Crimson in Shihezi region of Xinjiang were used as research materials,Study on the Improvement of Grape Quality and Efficiency by Two Plastic Modifications,Then the suitable shaping methods for grapes in this study area were screened out,It provides scientific basis for the development of modern grape industry in the Corps.【Methods】In this study,field investigation and indoor analysis were used to analyze the effects of two shaping methods on phenology,photosynthetic physiology,growth and fructification,diseases and economic benefits of three grapes.【Results】(1)The phenological period of Chang sub type grape was earlier than that of Folding scaffold tree posture grape,The ripening periods of Monukka,Red Globe and Crimson were 16,14 and 11 days earlier.(2)The leaf dry matter of Chang sub type grape was significantly higher than that of Folding scaffold tree posture grape at different growth stages(P<0.05);From 49 days after germination,the shoot length of Chang sub type grape was significantly longer than that of Longan grape(P<0.05);Starting from June 20,the new shoot diameter of Chang sub type grape was significantly higher than that of Longan grape(P<0.05).(3)Compared with Folding scaffold tree posture grapes,Chang sub type could significantly increase Pn,Ci and Tr of grape leaves at different growth stages,but had no effect on Gs;The content of chlorophyll in grape leaves during fruit enlargement and coloration was significantly increased(P<0.05).(4)The yields of Monukka,Red Globe and Crimson grapes under the treatment of Chang sub type were 1300 kg/mu,1500 kg/mu and 1100 kg/mu,respectively;Compared with Folding scaffold tree posture grape,Chang sub type grape significantly reduced the yield of three grape varieties(P<0.05),The yields of Monukka,Red Globe and Crimson decreased by 13.3%,21.1% and 21.4%;Chang sub type grape can improve fruit quality,increase fruit spike weight,grain weight,soluble solids content and reduce titratable acid content in fruit.(5)Compared with the Longan grape,the Chang sub type grape could significantly reduce the incidence and disease index of downy mildew in the middle(July 20)and the last(August 20)stages of leaf disease;The incidence and incidence index of grape were significantly reduced in the middle(August 10)and the last(August 30)stages of fruit development.(6)The annual total investment of the Chang sub type grape is less than that of the Folding scaffold tree posture grape.The Monukka,Red Globe and Crimson can save 947 yuan/mu/year,970 yuan/mu/year and 855 yuan/mu/year;Compared with the Folding scaffold tree posture grape,the Chang sub type Monukka increased efficiency by 1042 yuan,the Red Globe increased efficiency by 452 yuan and the Crimson decreased by 127 yuan.【Conclusions】In summary,the Chang sub type can improve the illumination condition of trees,improve the quality of fruits,ripen early,reduce diseases and save costs,In grape production,the preferred type shaping method is Chang sub type.