The Effect Of Collective Forest Reform On Farmers' Forest Land Investment

Deepening the reform of the collective forest tenure system is an important component of consolidating and improving the basic rural economic system.The reform of the collective forest tenure system is related to the increase of farmers' production income,rural social stability and ecological protection.The new round of collective forest tenure reform,which began in 2003 with the goal of clarifying property rights,is considered to be another major change in the rural management system after the family co-production contract system.Traditional property rights theory holds that clear and stable property rights It can reduce uncertainty,thereby guaranteeing farmers' right to claim land income,which can bring positive investment incentives.With the completion of the main body reform and the continuous active exploration of supporting reforms,can collective forest reform improve the enthusiasm of farmers' forest land investment? It has become a big question that needs to be demonstrated.It provides a decision-making reference for in-depth understanding of the behavioral logic of farmers' structural adjustment of factor inputs in the face of changes in property rights,for consolidating the results of collective forestry reform,improving supporting measures,and issuing related follow-up policies by relevant government departments.This paper explores the practical effects of collective forest reform on farmers' forest land investment through a combination of theoretical analysis and practical tests.In terms of theory,this paper expounds domestic and foreign research progress on forest tenure reform,and builds a research framework for the impact of collective forest reform on farmers' forest land investment based on the theory of peasant household behavior,property rights,and institutional change.In terms of empirical data,based on continuous monitoring data from a fixed sample of 1,497 rural households in 9 provinces(regions)of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration,this paper analyzes the main variables such as labor and capital input,socioeconomic characteristics,land characteristics,and household characteristics of farmers in the sample forest area.Descriptive statistics were performed,and the IV-tobit model and regulatory effects were used to analyze the overall effects of collective forest reform on farmers' forest land input,and the structural effects of collective forest reform input effects on farmers with different levels of non-agricultural employment.The results of the study show that the reform of the collective forest ownership system has generally improved the enthusiasm of farmers' labor investment in forest land,but the increase in capital investment has not been significant.This effect is different for farmers with different levels of non-agricultural employment.For pure peasant households,the reform of the collective forest tenure system has promoted a significant increase in the labor and capital investment of forest land,showing a property rights incentive effect;for non-peasant households,due to the effect of the exit effect,the reform has led to a significant decrease in capital investment of non-peasant households by about 36 %;For I and peasant households,the decrease in labor input and increase in capital input reflect the factor substitution effect of forest tenure reform.The reform of the collective forest tenure system provides an institutional environment for increasing the enthusiasm of farmers' forest land investment,but it is not a sufficient condition;the regulatory effect of non-agricultural employment will cause the positive incentive mechanism of property rights to be limited.Based on the above research conclusions,we propose the following countermeasures and suggestions: follow-up measures for deepening reforms of collective forestry reform should be integrated with non-agricultural employment policies,overall planning,and full consideration of the latter's adjustment mechanism can effectively promote the enthusiasm of farmers' forest land investment.improve.At the same time,considering that the collective forest reform has different effects on different farmers,the formulation of subsequent supporting reform measures should be rationally planned based on the heterogeneity of farmers.First of all,purely rural households have the strongest response to collective forest reform.They should be the main target identification group in the subsequent deepening reform process,and corresponding supporting measures should be introduced in accordance with the characteristics of this type of farmers.Secondly,the number of part-time businesses is large,and the trend of part-time employment is the general trend,which makes it a special concern.This group's capital substitution labor behavior is based on market availability.Therefore,the establishment of a sound forestry social service system is the focus of future policies.Finally,it is recommended that when the forest land transfer policy is introduced,fully consider the operating characteristics of non-farm households,and transfer the forest land they manage to willing farmers,such as pure farmers,to reduce the negative impact of forest land input and output on forest land.