Study On The Impact Of Labor Force Migrant Workers On The Adoption Of Soil And Water Conservation Technology By Farmers

China has become such a country that its soil erosion has been ranked in the forefront of the world,and the Loess Plateau is the region where China is currently suffering the most serious soil erosion.Soil and water loss not only reduces soil fertility and crop yield,but also exacerbates natural disasters and even endangers regional survival and safety,which seriously hinders sustainable economic and social development.Practice has proved that soil and water conservation technologies can prevent soil erosion,improve land productivity,and bring into play the economic,social,and ecological benefits of water and soil resources,and have the functions of reducing poverty and promoting agricultural transformation.In order to cope with climate change and the increasingly severe agro-ecological environment,Chinese government organizations at all levels have promoted the application of soil and water conservation technologies through innovative services and enhanced technology subsidies.However,in reality,soil and water conservation technologies with multiple advantages have not been widely adopted by farmers.,There are still many problems such as slower promotion process,narrower coverage,lower adoption and weaker adoption.Based on the current situation of a large number of rural laborers moving to cities in China and engaging in non-agricultural work,this paper uses micro-data of 954 farm households in Shaanxi,Gansu,and Ningxia,and divides technology into labor-intensive and capital-intensive industries according to different technical attributes.Three types of technologies with different attributes: neutral and neutral.Using the binary Probit model and Tobit model,the empirical analysis of the effect of whether or not the laborers go out to work on the adoption of soil and water conservation technologies with different attributes is further explored.Impact.Draw the following conclusions:(1)It is known through investigation that soil and water loss in the surveyed area is relatively serious.The channels for farmers to obtain soil and water conservation technologies are mainly scientific research units,extension agencies and social networks.Local ecological compensation policies are poorly understood;the main reason why farmers do not adopt soil and water conservation technologies is the lack of funds and labor.At present,in the face of severe soil erosion and serious ecological environment degradation,the main problems of farmers' adoption of soil and water conservation technologies are as follows: lack of enthusiasm of farmers and insufficient implementation of government policies;lack of labor force leads to low technology adoption efficiency and poor technology universality;Uncertainty and other issues.(2)There is a heterogeneous influence on labor and migrant workers' decision-making on the adoption of soil and water conservation technologies with different attributes.Labor migrants have a significant positive impact on the adoption of capital-intensive mulch and furrow farming techniques,a significant negative impact on the adoption of labor-intensive terraced farming techniques,and have no significant impact on neutral afforestation techniques.From the perspective of the difference in the length of time of migrant workers,farmers who work longer migrants are more likely to use capital-intensive mulch and furrow cultivation techniques,but they are less enthusiastic about adopting labor-intensive terrace technology.(3)The degree of adoption of different soil and water conservation technologies by labor migrant workers has different effects.Specifically,labor migrant workers have a negative and significant impact on the adoption of labor-intensive terraced technologies;they have a positive impact on the adoption of capital-intensive mulch technologies;and the adoption of capital-intensive furrow farming technologies It also has a positive impact.The length of labor time has a heterogeneous effect on the degree of adoption of soil and water conservation technologies with different attributes.Specifically,the longer the labor goes out to work,the lower the degree of adoption of terraced farming technology.The higher the degree of ditch cultivation technology;compared to short-term work,the longer the time of work,the higher the degree of mulching technology;medium-term work is the least Conducive to the use of afforestation technology.In response to the above conclusions,we have proposed the following four related policy recommendations:(1)To strengthen the quality of farmers and improve their knowledge of soil and water conservation technologies;(2)To strengthen targeted technology extension services and improve ecological compensation policies;(3)To improve information access Channels,focusing on the combination of government promotion and social networks;(4)Focus on improving supporting measures to create an environment for water and soil conservation technology adoption.