| In order to find the high-yield cultivation measures of ‘Fengdan Bai’ for oil in flat stubble,spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate,and shading methods and intercropping patterns that allow oil peony plants to grow and develop healthily in hot summer.The photosynthetic characteristics index and growth index of ’Fengdan Bai’ under different stubble and non-stubble in autumn,different spraying times of growing season potassium dihydrogen phosphate,different shading methods in summer,and different interplanting models were comprehensively studied.The aim is to find cultivation measures,shading methods and interplanting models that can increase the yield of ’Fengdan Bai’.It provided theoretical basis for improving the comprehensive benefit of oil peony industry in Xinxiang area.(1)The results of the flat stubble research showed that although the flat stubble ‘Fengdan Bai’ was smaller than the unflat stubble in terms of bud height and diameter.The growth trend of each index of the two was basically the same.The length,bud height and diameter of the shoot were the same after entering the flowering stage.The flat stubble can promote the germination of new branches and increase the crown width.It was beneficial to the lateral spread of ‘Fengdan Bai’ and improve the ventilation and light transmittance in the north.The flower bud height of ‘Fengdan Bai’ after flat stubble was higher than that of unflat stubble,and the difference was significant.The duration days of germination stage and leaf-showing stage of the flat stubble ‘Fengdan Bai’ was more than that of the unflat stubble,and the 6 stages of bud sprouting,leaf unfolding,leaf extending,bell-like flower,color appearance and flowering of the flat stubble ‘Fengdan Bai’ was slightly later than those of the the unflat stubble‘Fengdan Bai’.This can delay the germination and shoots of the buds,the storage of its own nutrients is relatively large,and the resistance was strong.In addition,the total duration days of the phenological periods of both ‘Fengdan Bai’ with flat and unflat were 50 d,and the total effective accumulated temperature was only 18.26℃ different for the two types.(2)The results of foliar spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate showed that the daily changes in net photosynthetic rate of potassium dihydrogen phosphate at different spraying times were all ‘bimodal’,and the net photosynthetic rate under each treatment of each measurement time node throughout the day was higher than the control;under different spraying times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,the daily changes in stomatal conductance of ‘Fengdan Bai’ and the transpiration rate were basically consistent;The daily average value of net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance was the highest after spraying three times,and the control was the lowest.Except for the flower bud height and flower bud diameter of one spraying treatment were lower than the control,the flower bud height and flower bud diameter of the other spraying treatments were higher than the control.The flower buds were the largest in diameter.(3)The results of shading studies indicated that the daily changes in net photosynthetic rate of the leaves of ‘Fengdan Bai’ under different shade treatments were all ‘bimodal’,and the net photosynthetic rate was higher than that of the control.Among them,the double-layer stereoscopic frame had the highest net photosynthetic rate.The light saturation point(LSP)and light compensation point(LCP)of the ‘Fengdan Bai’ leaves under different shade treatments were directly proportional to the leaf area index(LAI)of the shade treatment,while the apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)was inversely proportional to the leaf area index.The flower bud height and diameter of ‘Fengdan Bai’ under the shade treatment of Hibiscus syriacus were the largest,and the flower bud height and diameter of ‘Fengdan Bai’ under the shade treatment were higher than those of the control.Hibiscus and three-dimensional frame shade were suitable for popularization and application in Xinxiang area of Henan Province.(4)The midday depression of photosynthesis existed in the net photosynthetic rate of ‘Fengdan Bai’ under the five interplanting patterns investigated,and the light saturation point(LSP),light compensation point(LCP)and leaf area indexes(LAI)were directly proportional,and the apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)was inversely related to the leaf area indexes.Among the five interplanting patterns,The plant height of ‘fengdanbai’ in the pattern of “‘Acer negundo(north-south)+ ‘fengdan Bai’” and “Acer mono(north-south)+ ‘Fengdan Bai" was higher than that in the control group.Except for “Fraxinus chinensis(east and west)+ ‘Feng dan Bai’(LAI=6.9)model with the highest LAI,the annual shoot length of the model was lower than that of the control and reached a significant level,all other patterns were higher than that of the control and reached a significant level.The length of flower buds of ‘Fengdan Bai’ from the two patterns of “Fraxinus chinensis(N-S direction)+ ‘Fengdan Bai’ ”,“Sophora japonica(E-W direction)+‘Fengdan Bai’ ” grew faster than the others,and the growth amounts of flower buds were significantly higher than the control.The thousand-seed weight of ‘Fengdan Bai’ in interplanting trees whose leaf area index was lower than 6.9 was higher than that of the control group.The thousand-grain weight of ‘Fengdan Bai’ seeds was the heaviest under the pattern of “Fraxinus chinensis(N-S direction)+‘Fengdan Bai’ ”.The average yield per plant of peony was the highest under the pattern of “Acer negundo(N-S direction)+‘Fengdan Bai’ ”.Compared with planting ‘Fengdan Bai’ from east to west,planting ‘Fengdan Bai’ from north to south was more conducive to growth and development.The results of this survey showed that,“Acer negundo(N-S direction,LAI = 4.9,plant spacing = 2 m,row spacing = 4 m)+‘Fengdan Bai’ ” and “Fraxinus chinensis(N-S direction,LAI = 4.5,plant spacing = 4 m,row spacing = 3 m)+ ‘Fengdan Bai’ ” were the appropriate interlanting patterns to increase peony yield and grain fullness in Xinxiang,Henan. |
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