Evaluation Of Correlation Between Carotid Atherosclerosis And Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease By Ultrasound

Background:The incidence and mortality of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CAHD)are increasing year by year.The age of onset is more youthful and has gradually surpassed the harm of cancer to human beings.It’s the number one killer of humans.Therefore,early diagnosis,early treatment and prevention of CAHD are extremely important.Coronary atherosclerosis(CAAS)and carotid atherosclerosis(CAS)have very similar risk factors and pathophysiological basis.Recent studies have confirmed that there is an inevitable link between the two.The current gold standard for the diagnosis of CAHD is coronary angiography(CAG),but because of its invasive nature and relatively high risk,CAG is limited.Recent studies have shown that performing neck vascular ultrasonography in patients with CAHD can help assess the severity of coronary artery disease.Purpose:This article through the coronary angiography of patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease and normal control group patients with carotid ultrasound examination,and the results of comparison and analysis to discuss the correlation between CAS and CAHD.Method:The study selected patients between January 2017 and December 2017,heart coronary angiography with confirmed for 94 patients with coronary heart disease(CHD group).Including 58 males and 36 females,aged 37-89 years old.The average(61.5±5.4)years old.Based on the results of CAG,patients with coronary heart disease were divided into single,double,and multi-vessel disease groups.There were 22 patients with single-vessel disease,34 patients with dual-vessel disease,and 38 patients with multi-vessel disease.In the control group(non-coronary heart disease group)85 cases,52 males and 33 females,aged 39-85 years,mean(56.7±6.3)years,and were excluded by CAG,myocardial perfusion imaging,CT or other related examinations Coronary heart disease,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Carotid artery ultrasonography was performed on all subjects to observe the vascular wall conditions of the common carotid artery,the internal carotid artery enlargement,the proximal internal carotid artery,and the external carotid artery,and to observe the presence of intima media thickening and plaques.Block formation.At the same time,the IMT of the carotid artery,the size,location,echo,and number of plaques were recorded.Result:(1)The incidence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in patients with coronary heart disease was 80.85%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(27.06%).The difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).(2)The hypoechoic plaques were most common in both carotid plaques.In the coronary artery disease group,41.80% of the hypoechoic plaques were in the carotid plaques,the mixed echogenic plaques accounted for 27.51%,and the strong echogenic plaques accounted for 14.29%.Echoplaque plaques accounted for 16.40%;in the control group,hypoechoic plaques accounted for 35.14%,mixed echogenic plaques accounted for 27.03%,strong echogenic spots accounted for 16.22%,and echogenic plaques accounted for 21.62%.(3)There was no correlation between echo types of carotid plaques in patients with different coronary lesions with different counts.Significance(P=0.69).(4)The number of coronary artery lesions was positively correlated with carotid artery IMT(r=0.76).With the increase of the number of coronary artery lesions,carotid IMT was also increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The rate of carotid plaque was 77.27%(17/22)in single-vessel disease group,79.41%(27/34)in double-vessel disease group,84.21%(32/38)in multi-vessel disease group,double-vessel disease group and The number of carotid artery plaques and the incidence of plaques in patients with multi-vessel disease were higher than those in single-vessel disease groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(5)The number of coronary artery lesions was positively correlated with the Crouse score(r = 0.68).The number of coronary artery lesions was positively correlated with the Gensini score(r = 0.75).Compared with the single-vessel disease group,the Crouse score and Gensini score of the double-vessel disease group and the triple-vessel disease group were significantly increased(P<0.01).In Conclusion:There is a good correlation between carotid atherosclerosis and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.The higher the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis is,the more severe is coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.The carotid artery Ultrasound can help patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease to assess the severity of coronary artery disease by a non-invasively way.