Clinical And Pulmonary Function Of Preterm Infant-bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-wheezing Syndrome

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with preterm infant-bronchopulmonary dysplasia-wheezing syndrome(PBPDWS),the status of tidal lung function and imaging features analysis,for the future clinicians of these diseases in the early Identification and diagnosis and treatment management to provide a scientific basis.Method:Twenty-five children with PBPDWS were enrolled in the study.The following conditions were met:(1)age was 1 year after correction of gestational age;(2)history of BPD at birth(clinical and radiographic evidence);(3)repeated wheezing within 1year after birth;(4)rule out congenital complex heart disease,chromosomal abnormalities,foreign body inhalation.24 cases of non-BPD preterm infants and 26cases of term infants with the same symptoms of wheezing were selected as the control group.A retrospective analysis was performed on the three groups of children.The perinatal conditions,the number of wheezing within 1 year after birth,the number of lower respiratory tract infection,the number of hospitalization,1 year after the birth of the pulmonary function result of these children were compared;Due to recurrent respiratory symptoms,pulmonary CT was performed on children with BPD when they were 6 to 12 months after birth,Analyzed the pulmonary CT of these children,and compared with the pulmonary CT was performed at birth.Result:There was significant difference in body height and weight between the three groups(P<0.05),among which PBPDWS group was the lowest and the term children group was the highest[(70.48±3.48)cm vs(74.50±1.87)cm,(77.92±3.01)cm,P=0.000;(7.97±1.04)Kg vs(9.51±1.15)Kg,(10.38±1.47)Kg,P=0.000].There were significant differences in the number of wheezing(F=71.389,P<0.05),among which the PBPDWS group was the highest and the group of term infants was the lowest[(7.4±1.8)vs(4.0±1.2),(3.4±0.6),P=0.000];During the first year of life,PBPDWS group had 18 cases of respiratory tract infection,9 cases of non-BPD preterm infants group,5 cases of term infants group,the difference between the three groups was statistically significant(χ~2=14.893,P<0.05);16 cases of PBPDWS group were hospitalized within one year after birth,7 cases of non-BPD premature infants group,4 cases of term children group,the difference between the three groups was statistically significant(χ~2=13.789,P<0.05).There were significant differences in the indexes of pulmonary function(tPF%tE and VPF%VE)between the three groups(P<0.05),among which PBPDWS group was the lowest and the term infants group was the highest[(15.69±4.29)%vs(20.63±1.90)%,(25.95±3.79)%,P=0.000;(19.13±3.16)%vs(21.51±2.17)%,(28.02±4.84)%,P=0.000];The main manifestations of lung CT in PBPDWS group at 6 to 12 mouths:9 cases had limited emphysema(36%),20 cases had fiber strips,grid shadow and triangular subpleural opacities(80%),6 cases had bronchiectasis(24%)(The same children with non-single lesion,often 2 to 3 lesions coexist).Conclusion:Children with PBPDWS often have growth retardation and high prevalence of respiratory diseases,often requiring hospitalization.Tidal lung function often manifested as small airway obstruction.The main manifestations of lung CT in PBPDWS group at 6 to 12 mouths:limited emphysema,fiber strips,grid shadow,triangular subpleural opacities,bronchiectasis,pulmonary CT has a specific imaging characteristics.