Relationship Between Longitudinal Changes Of BMI And Main Risk Factors Of Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)have become a major public health problem for human health.At present,the incidence and mortality of CVD in China continue to rise.Obesity is recognized as a risk factor of CVD,measurement methods and criteria are simple and intuitive,but also closely related to other cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia.However,the results of the direct inclusion of the Body Mass Index(BMI)in CVD risk prediction models are not clear.Therefore,exploring the relationship between longitudinal changes in BMI and longitudinal changes in CVD risk factors is particularly important for the prevention of CVD.In previous studies,the difference between the two measurements using baseline and follow-up was used as an indicator of longitudinal change,and few studies used long-term continuous measurement data.This study cooperated with the physical examination center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University to collect physical examination results of the general population who participated in routine physical examination for 5 consecutive years,and analyzed the relationship between longitudinal changes of BMI and major risk factors of CVD.ObjectiveTo understand the abnormal detection status and trends of routine inspections in a hospital in Zhengzhou City,analyze the effect of longitudinal changes in BMI on blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,and blood lipids,and determine whether the relationship between them is affected by the initial level of obesity,age,and gender.MethodsThe subjects of the study were from the physical examination center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University who had recorded two or more routine physical examinations during the five years from 2012 to 2016.Collect data on the subject's physical examination and laboratory tests.Estimate the prevalence of obesity,hypertension,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia in the routine physical examination of the hospital.Five-year trends in the physical examination of BMI,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,and blood lipids in this population were obtained,and the sex differences of the above indicators were compared.The relationship between BMI and CVD risk factors at baseline was analyzed using multiple linear regression and logistic regression.The OR and 95% confidence intervals for abnormalities were calculated for different BMI groups.The annual and 5-year rates of change for each index were calculated.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the rate of change of BMI and the rate of change of the major risk factors for CVD.Results1.A total of 8828 medical examinees met the criteria for inclusion in this study,with a baseline mean age of 54.47±16.03 years,and an average BMI of 24.53±3.27 kg/m2 higher than normal.The average value of the remaining indicators was within the normal range.The detection rates of overweight,obesity,hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia were 42.5%,13.9%,33.1%,5.6%,and 31.8%,respectively;2.From 2012 to 2016,the BMI,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,and blood lipids of the study population were slightly fluctuating but the overall level was stable.Except for diabetes,the 5-year detection rate of overweight,obesity,hypertension,and dyslipidemia was higher than that of diabetes.National average level;3.At baseline,before and after adjustment for age and sex,the detection rates of hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia in overweight persons were 1.8-2.7 times higher than those with normal BMI.The detection rate of hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia in obese persons was.3-4.9 times than normal BMI;4.Regardless of the annual rate of change or the 5-year rate of change,the increase in BMI is accompanied by adverse changes in blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,and lipids,and this relationship is independent of baseline obesity status,gender,and age.Conclusions1.In 2012,the average BMI of the study population was higher than normal,and the average value of the other indicators was in the normal range.Except for diabetes,the detection rates of overweight,obesity,hypertension,and dyslipidemia were all higher than the national average.2.From 2012 to 2016,the overall levels of BMI,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,and lipids were stable in the study population.3.Regardless of the annual rate of change or the 5-year rate of change,the longitudinal change in BMI is directly proportional to the CVD risk.