| Objective:To find out the status of health locus of control,self-esteem and stigma in patients with permanent stoma;To analyze the influencial factors among health locus of control,self-esteem and stigma with permanent stoma patients;To explore the correlation among health locus of control,self-esteem and stigma with permanent stoma patients;To identify the influencial factors that can predict the stigma of patients with permanent stoma;To provide theoretical support for reducing the stigma level and improving the quality of life in patients with permanent stoma.Methods:This study is a correlation research of non-experimentally.By convenience sampling methods,in three tertiary hospitals in Jilin Province,215 patients with permanent stoma were selected as the study subjects.We had sent out 240 survey questionnaires.After eliminating unqualified candidates,215 effective questionnaires were returned,and the effective recovery rate was 89.6%.The questionnaire tools included social demographic characteristics,muitidimentional health locus of control scale(MHLC),self-esteem scale(SES)and social impact scale(SIS).SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to conduct statistical analysis on the collected valid data.Results:(1)The total score of health locus of control of participants was(69.43 ± 6.39)points.In all dimensions,the score of internal health locus of control(23.60±3.54)points,the scores of powerful others(26.24±3.85)points,the score of chance(19.60±3.81)points.The total score of health locus of control has significant difference in terms of nationalities(P<0.05).(2)The total score of self-esteem of participants was(28.95 ±3.87)points.The results showed that the subjects with low self-esteem were 21%,the subjects with medium self-esteem were 57.1%,the subjects with high self-esteem were 21.9%.There was a significant difference in self-esteem among factors such as gender,occupation,family monthly income and stoma exist time(P<0.05).(3)The total score of stigma of participants was(62.45 ±9.28)points,and the average score was(2.60 ±0.39)points,at a medium level.The average scores of each dimension were financial insecurity(2.77 ±0.54)points,social rejection(2.57 ±0.49)points,social isolation(2.61 ±0.33)points,and internalized shame(2.55 ± 0.46)points.There was a significant difference in stigma among factors such as gender,marital status,place of residence,family monthly income and degree of self-care(P<0.05).(4)There was a positive correlation between health locus of control and stigma(r=0.308,P<0.01).Self-esteem was negatively correlated with stigma(r=-0.361,P<0.01).(5)Multivariate stepwise regression analysis shows that gender,self-care and powerful others are factors affecting the stigma of permanent stoma patients,explaining the variation of 14.7%of the stigma.Conclusions:(1)The health locus of control of participants tends to powerful others,which illustrates that patients are more passively dependent on the help and support of medical staff,family or friends in the face of life-long stoma.(2)The self-esteem of participants is at a medium level,suggesting that the medical staff should pay more attention to the self-esteem status of patients with permanent stoma.(3)The stigma of participants is at a medium level,and the financial insecurity perceived by patients with permanent stoma is more intense.(4)There was a positive correlation between the health locus of control and stigma of patients with permanent stoma.Self-esteem was negatively correlated with stigma.(5)The influence and predictive of stigma include gender,self-care,and powerful others. |
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