| Objective:To understand the status of occupational exposure to blood source and risk factors,and provide the prevention strategies in line with the occupational protection of medical staff in the hospital.Methods:Using the method of stratified random sampling and using paperless questionnaires,we analyzed the basic conditions,occupational exposure,occupational protection training and awareness,and behavioral compliance of medical staff those were on-the-job,standardized training residents,advanced-study students or internship medical staff.The data was collected and analyzed using SPSS 20.0.The measurement data was described as(?)±S,the count data was described as frequency and composition ratio,the ?~2 test was used for comparisons among the groups.The factors of blood-borne occupational exposures were analyzed by multi-variables non-conditional logistic regression.Result:1.A total of 1,721 valid questionnaires were collected in this study,including494 doctors(28.70%),1151 nurses(66.88%),and 76 medical technicians(4.42%).There were 1409 female medical staff(81.87%),1476(85.77%)medical staff under the age of 40,and 884(51.37%)junior professional titles.The study showed 49.22%of surveyed medical staff worked in internal medicine,and 77.28%of surveyed medical staff main was in the wards.2.Among surveyed the medical staff,674(39.16%)had blood-borne occupational exposures in the past year,including 141(8.19%)experienced sharp injuries only,239(13.89%)had only skin and mucosal exposure,and 294(17.08%)who had occurred in both.Among them,the highest occupational exposure rate was 42.31%for nurses,35.43%for doctors,and 15.79%for medical technicians.There were statistical differences among the three groups(X~2=6.815,P=0.009).Student nurses had the highest incidence of occupational exposure among all types of people,up to 53.62%,whereas intern doctors had the lowest occupational exposure rate,which is 19.57%.3.Among the respondents,62.01%of doctors and nurses had received occupational protection training in the last year,and occupational exposure rates of those who had received occupational protection training in the past year(37.84%)were lower than those who did not receive training(44.16%).There was a statistical difference between the two groups(X~2=6.430,P=0.011).4.The scores of the medical staff's defense awareness and behavioral compliance scale were nurses 2.64±0.30 and doctors 2.51±0.37 respectively.There was a statistical difference between the two groups(Z=-6.601,P<0.001).The nurses'awareness and compliance were stronger than the doctors.The number of occupational exposures is negatively correlated with defensive awareness and behavioral compliance.Implementing defensive behaviors can reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure of medical personnel.5.Multivariate analysis results of occupational exposure of medical personnel revealed that the odds ratio(OR)for nurses with doctors was 2.409(95%CI 1.667-3.481).In terms of length of service,the OR for blood-occupational exposure among medical personnel was1.868(95%CI 1.290-2.706)for 1-5 years,1.550(1.050-2.289)for 6-10 years,1.875(1.155-3.041)for 11-15 years,and 1.955(1.054-3.628)for 16-20 years,compared with less than 1 years.The OR was 1.956(1.504-2.545)for surgery,2.066(1.346-3.171)for gynecology and obstetrics,and 2.323(1.585-3.403)for pediatrics,compared with internal medicine.The OR for master's degree above and college degree was 2.173(1.340-3.525).In terms of night shift frequency,1-2 times a week had OR of blood-occupational exposure of1.785(1.359-2.345)compared with no night shift,and for more than 3 times a week the OR was 2.327(1.435-3.774).The defensive awareness and compliance was associated with a decreased risk for blood-occupational exposure,at an OR of 0.302(0.216-0.423).Medical personnel who have participated in vocational protection training in the past year had an OR of 0.783(0.626-0.980).The OR for the association between the score of occupational exposure knowledge and blood-occupational exposure was 0.840(0.739-0.954).Conclusion:The incidence of occupational exposure in this hospital is higher than survey in Shandong Province and Guangdong Province.The incidence of skin and mucous membrane exposure is similar to that of sharps injury.The risk of occupational exposure among nurses in different clinical departments is not significant;occupational exposure risk for surgical and pediatricians is significantly higher than that of physicians.The occupational exposure risk of medical staff is related to the work type,department,education,length of service,night shift frequency,defensive awareness and compliance,occupation exposure knowledge,and so on. |
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