Investigation And Analysis On The Sanitary Condition Of The Working Environment And Health Condition Of The Occupational Manganese Exposure Workers In A City

ObjectiveTo explore the main occupational sanitary problem,the Manganese(Mn)contamination in the air of the enterprise workplace,and its impact on the workers' health,the investigation and analysis were carried out on the cond ition of Mn exposure of the occupational Mn exposure workers and their h ealth condition of four factories in a city.The objective was to protect the physical and mental health of the Mn exposure workers,and to providerel iable evidence for the prevention and control of the enterprise occupational hazard.Methods(1)The samples of air Mn concentration in the working place of the four f actories in a city were collected from field detection from 2011 to 2014.T he samples were continually collected during 6 to 8 hours,and the data w ere calculated in term of Time weighted Average Concentration.The conce ntration of Mn of the workplace was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry(in terms of MnO2).The trend of the air Mn concentration i n the enterprise production environment from 2011 to 2014 was analyzed,a nd was used to evaluate the occupational sanitary problem of the workplac e.(2)The occupational disease health examination of these Mn exposure worke rs were carried out according to the standard from the "Measures for the Administration of Occupational Health Examination"(The National Health a nd Family Planning Commission Order No.5)and "Technical Specifications for Occupational Health Surveillance"(GBZ188-2014).Totally the occupation al health examination results of 1507 Mn exposure workers from four enter prises were collected.The examination indexes were analyzed included the red blood cell count,hemoglobin(Hb),white blood cell count,platelet count in peripheral blood,blood pressure,electrocardiography,liver function,and Mn concentration in the urinary.(3)The interrelation of the Mnconcentration in urinary with gender,type of work,age,and working years were analyzed in accordance with the resul ts of the concentration of the Mn in theurinary.(4)Statistical method:The data were input into the software of EpiData(V er3.0),and were statistical analyzed by the software of SPSS(ver17.0).Chi-squared test was used to compare the difference between the two group s,a P value of<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results(1)The occupational environmentalsanitary of the four factories in a city fro m 2011 to 2014 were in good condition.The concentration of Mn and its compounds decreased year after year.And these values were contained low er than the limit of the National standard since 2012.(2)The monitor of air Mn and its compounds in term of Time weighted Av erage Concentration from the workplace of the four enterprise in 2011 were good;only data from 1 monitoring sites form 16 monitoring sites beyond t he National limit.(3)In 1507 Mn exposure workers,only 57 patients had the Mn concentratio ns in urinary beyond standard,and the abnormal rate was 3.7%.The result s indicated that the occupational injuries of Mnexposure.The results of regre ssion analysis indicated that the index of Mn in urinary were obviously pos itively correlated with the working years and age,and no obvious correlation was found between Mn concentration in urinary and age or type of work.(4)The abnormal rates of blood pressure,white blood cell count,red blood c ell count and Hb,platelet count,liver function,electrocardiography,and Mn concentration in urinary from the health examination of these Mn exposure workerswere 14.39%,7.03%,2.06%,1.99%,3.45%,5.83%,15.33%,and 3.78%,respectively.(5)The abnormal rates of Mn concentration in urinary for male andfemale was 3.79%and 3.67%respectively,and the difference had no statistically significance(?2=0.Ol,P>0.05).(6)The Mn concentrations in urinary of the electrowelding workers were sli ghtly higher than the concentrations of other work types(4.90%to 3.12%,?2=3.02,P>0.05).(7)The abnormal rates of Mn concentration in urinary from the agegroups o f<20,21 to 30,31 to 40,41 to 50,and>50 were 0,0.37%,4.13%,5.13%,and 14.61%respectively(?2=63.40,P<0.01).(8)The abnormal rates of Mn concentration in urinary from the working ye ars groups of<10,11 to 20,21 to 30,31 to 40 were 0.89%,1.79%,5.90%,and 10.56%respectively(?2=39.02,P<0.01).(9)The abnormal rates of white blood cell count,blood pressure,electrocard iography,and liver function from the patients with abnormal Mn concentrati on in urinary were obviously elevated than those data from the patients wit h normal urinary Mn concentration.And the difference was statistically obv ious(P<0.01).The difference between these two groups of abnormal rates of red blood cell count,Hb,and platelet count had no statistically differenc e(P>0.05).Conclusions(1)The occupational sanitary was in good condition from the investigated en terprises in a city,and the Mn concentrations in the work place reached th e National standard.(2)Indexes as the Mn concentration in urinary from the occupational health examination of some Mn exposure workers were abnormal to some extent.(3)The abnormal of Mn concentration in urinary had obvious correlation wit h the Mn exposure working years and age,and had no obvious correlation with work types or gender.(4)These results suggested that excessive body accumulation of Mn might b e more likely to induce the abnormal results of platelet count,white blood cell count,blood pressure,and might impair the liver function.