Bioinformatics Analysis Of Gene Expression And Signal Transduction Pathway In Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(CSCC)is one of the most malignant tumors worldwide.CSCC represents 20 % of all non-melanoma skin cancer and is a deadly threat owing to its ability to metastasize to any organ in the body.Therefore,a better understanding of CSCC is essential to strengthen preventative measures and curable treatment options.The method of DNA microarray data analysis was used in this study to explore the differentially expressed genes between tissues of patients with CSCC and tissues of normal specimens.Besides,functional enrichment analysis and signal pathway were performed on these genes to screen the feature genes that are closely associated with CSCC.We aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of this CSCC and screen feature genes that can function as the biomarker of CSCC and thus provide a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis research and development of targeted medicine.Methods Microarray data was downloaded from GEO(Gene Expression Omnibus)dataset.One separate datasets with the accession number of GSE66359 were selected for the analysis.Microarray data was analyzed by Gene Spring software firstly,and the up-regulation and the down-regulation of the genome group were identified as differentially expressed genes(DEGs).These DEGs were analyzed by GO(gene ontology)and KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway)enrichment analyses,and the PPI(protein–protein interaction)network of DEGS was constructed by Cytoscape software.Results 1、In total,894 DEGs were identified in CSCC,including 438 up-regulated genes and 456 downregulated genes.2、The results of GO analysis showed up-regulated genes mainly enrich biological processes(BP)including: mitotic cell cycle process,chromosome separation,mitotic nuclear division;down-regulated genes mainly enrich BP including: epidermis development,keratinocyte differentiation,epidermal cell differentiation.Up-regulated genes mainly enrich molecular function(MF)including:DNA helicase activity,chromatin binding,DNA replication origin binding;down-regulated genes mainly enrich MF including: serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity,MAP kinase 、 tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity,growthfactor receptor binding.Up-regulated genes mainly enrich cell component including:nucleoplasm,condensed chromosome,chromosome centromeric region;down-regulated genes mainly enrich CC including: cornified envelope,extracellular region,extracellular vesicle.3、KEGG pathway analysis showed the up-regulated DEGs were enriched in DNA replication,cell cycle,Mismatch repair;while the down-regulated DEGs were enriched in MAPK signaling pathway,Notch signaling pathway,Dorso-ventral axis formation.4、The top 10 hub genes,SHC1、AURKB、SMC4、PLK1、PCNA、PTTG1、BRCA1、MCM2、Eph B2、HDAC were identified by the construction of the PPI network.These genes are involved in the following three important pathways including cell cycle,DNA replication and the proteasome.Conclusion The molecular mechanism of CSCC may be related to the abnormal gene in the biological processes of mitotic cell cycle process,chromosome organization,keratinocyte differentiation,et al.Differential genes lead to DNA replication,cell cycle,mismatch repair,signaling pathways such as MAPK and Notch abnormal may be involved in the occurrence and progression of CSCC.The differential expression of SHC1、AURKB、SMC4、PLK1、PCNA、PTTG1、BRCA1、MCM2、Eph B2、HDAC makes some signal pathways abnormal,which may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of CSCC.