The Correlation Study On The Change Of Bone Mineral Density In Patients After Lower Limb Fracture Operation

Objective To study the changes of bone mineral density(BMD)and its significance in patients after lower limb fracture operation.Methods 89 lower limb fracture patients were admitted to the study,from department of orthopedics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Da Lian medical university from October2014 to October 2016,male 55 cases,female 34 cases;age ranged from 20 to 60 years old,the average age(42.5±10.9)years;81 cases were unilateral fracture,8 cases were bilateral fractures;19 cases of open injury,70 cases of closed injury;operation in two hours~ seventh days after fracture.Followed up at the 1 month,2 month,3 month,6month and 12 month after operation,the bone mineral density(BMD)of the two sides of the calcaneus was measured by ultrasonic bone densitometry.Select the same period of outpatient health examination 39 cases as control group,using SPSS software for statistical analysis.Results 1.The bone mineral density of the patients with unilateral lower limb fracture was decreased rapidly from 1 to 3 months,and it was decreased slowly in the period from 3 to 6 months,the lowest point at the end of the 6 month after operation,and it was increased slowly from 6 to 12 months,but the point of 12 month was lower than the level of the preinjury.Compared the BQI value of the healthy limb,the affected limb postoperation 1 month,2 months,3 months,6 months,12 months with the control group,the difference was statistically significant,and the difference between the every two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).2.Compared the BQI value of the male with the female patients with unilateral lower limb fracture,the male patients was higher than that of the female,but the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).3.There was not significant difference in the bone mineral density of the healthy limb and the affected limb between the different anatomic sites of the single side fracture(P > 0.05).Compared with the unilateral fracture patients with bilateral fracture patients,the bone mineral density of the unilateral fracture patients were higher than those of bilateral fracture patients,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05)in the postoperation 2 months,the 3 months,6 months and the 12 months.4.Compared Gustilo-Anderson type? of the open injury with the closed injury,there were significant differences in the 2 months,3 months,6 months and 12 months after operation(P < 0.05),there was not statistical significantlly difference(P >0.05)compared the open injury Gustilo-Anderson type I,type II with the closed injury patients after operation.Conclusion In the healing process of lower limb fracture,the bone mineral density of the lower limb have a regulation of decreased rapidly(1 ~ 3months)-decreased slowly(3 ~ 6 months)-increased slowly(6 ~ 12months),it may be related to the decrease of limb activity,the decrease of mechanical stress and the degree of soft tissue injury around the fracture,and there is no significant influence on the changes of bone mineral density in anatomical site of fracture ang gender.In order to prevent to the decrease of the bone mineral density and prevent the occurrence of disuse osteoporosis,it is necessary with the early activity exercise and combination drug therapy.