The Analysis Of Macular Microvascular Alteration Of Myopic Eyes Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Objective: Application of optical coherence tomography in the study of the correlation between retinal microvascular changes and myopia retinal atrophy in the macular region of myopia.Methods:The research used cross-sectional clinical study.Sixty-three subjects(126eyes)were enrolled in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from August 2016 to December 2017.The subjects were divided into three groups according to their refractive status;15 patients(30 eyes)with low myopia and emmetropia group as the control group(<-3.0 diopters),25 patients(50 eyes)with moderate myopia group(bttween-3.0 and-6.0 diopters),and 23 patients(46 eyes)with high myopia group(>-6.0 diopters).Acquisition of macular foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area and microvascular density with optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),then obtained the superfical and deep vascular graph by automatic stratification.The study selected the superficial retinal image,manually measured the FAZ area;The density of 2mm circle in the center of macular fovea was analyzed using the built-in software.In the end,the datum were analysed by the statistic software of IBM SPSS statistics 21.Results:1.There were no significant differences in age?sex or the intraocular Pressure.2.The change of the FAZ area at optical coherence tomography angiography(P = 0.382),no statistical significance,P>0.05.3.There was no significant difference in the density of superficial vessels(P = 0.147),(P> 0.05).4.Compared low myopia and emmetropia group with moderate myopiagroup,the difference of deep vascular density at optical coherence tomography angiography(P = 0.256)was no statistically significant(P>0.05).While,Compared low myopia and emmetropia group with high myopia group,the difference of deep vascular density at optical coherence tomography angiography(P = 0.000)was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared moderate myopia group with high myopia group,the difference of deep vascular density at optical coherence tomography angiography(P = 0.000)was statistically significant(P<0.05).5.There was a significant negative correlation between foveal superficial/deep density and the axial length(AL)(r=-0.221,-0.364,P<0.05).Conclusions:1.The FAZ area does not correlate with old age,sex,intraocular pressure,refractive diopter and other factors.2.Macular retinal superficial and deep vascular densities were negatively correlated with the axial length(AL).With the increase of myopia,macular retinal blood vessel density decreased,the most significant depth of vascular density.