| Objective:The purpose of this thesis is to preliminarily understand the situation of ultrasound interventional therapy in Qiqihar city in recent years by analyzing the cognition of women under 80 years old on the application of ultrasound interventional therapy in clinical gynecology.The influence factors of the recognition will be identified from the aspects of audience,cognitive level,treatment feeling and other ways through questionnaires and follow-up visits.Some appropriate interventions will be proposed to improve the understanding of the clinical application of ultrasound interventional therapy in general public as far as possible according to the different influence factors,so as to explore the feasibility of this technology in basic level hospitals and even community health centers.Methods:From January to August,2018,477 women(under 80 years old)in Qiqihar area were surveyed by convenient sampling method.The questionnaire which was independently designed by referring to relevant literatures and consulting experts contains 15 questions,including demographic characteristic,the payment of medical expense,the frequency of gynecological examination,and the recognition of ultrasound intervention technology in the treatment of gynecological diseases for respondents.The SPSS19.0 software was used for data analysis,and enumeration data(e.g.demographic characteristics,the payment of medical expenses,the frequency of gynecological examination,and the recognition of ultrasound intervention technology in the treatment of gynecological diseases)were described by rate or proportion,and the group comparison was tested by chi-square.Results:(1)Among 477 respondents,7 persons(1.5%)are under 20 years old,233persons(48.7%)are 20~40 years old,220 persons(46%)are 41~60 years old,and 17persons(3.6%)are 61~80 years old.The married respondents(391 persons)accountfor the largest proportion(81.8%),while the rest are unmarried(36 persons),widowed(16 persons),and divorced(34 persons),accounting for 7.5%,3.3%,and 7.1%,respectively.The number of person with high school(including polytechnic school)and below education is the largest,accounting for 53.3%(255 persons),followed by college,24.3%(116 persons),junior college,19.5%(93 persons),master degree and above,2.7%(13 persons).There are 136 employees of state civil servants or staff of institutions,60 employees of enterprises,95 employees of service occupation,and105 self-employed persons as well as 81 unemployed persons,accounting for 28.5%,12.6%,19.9%,22%,and 16.9% of the total number of respondents,respectively.In the all of the respondents,there are 129 persons whose monthly income is less than2000 RMB,accounting for 27%,and the monthly income of 279 persons(accounting for 58.4%),56 persons(11.7%)and 13 persons(2.7%)is 2000~5000,5000~8000,and more than 10000 RMB,respectively.(2)Among 477 respondents,225 persons choose to use urban employee medical insurance as the settlement method of medical expenses,accounting for 47.1%;80persons choose urban residents medical insurance,accounting for 16.7%.The choose number of new rural cooperative and self-financing persons is 80 and 45,accounting for 16.7% and 9.4%.When the respondent choose the hospital level,the number who vote the tertiary hospital is the largest,with 224 persons,accounting for 46.9%.The second is the first-level hospital,with 120 persons,accounting for 25.1%.70 persons choose the secondary hospitals,accounting for 14.6%,and 34 persons(7.1%)choose the nearest clinic.The fewest choice is community health service centers(29 persons),accounting for 6.1%.Among all of the respondents,193 persons had a gynecological physical examination every year,accounting for 40.4%.53 persons had a gynecological physical examination every six months,accounting for 11.1%.3.8%had once every three months(18 persons).169 patients(35.4%)said they would have a gynecological physical examination when they felt uncomfortable.Only 44 persons(9.2%)never had a gynecological examination.(3)Among 477 respondents,138 persons had a history of ovarian cyst,hysteromyoma,or ectopic pregnancy within five years,accounting for 28.9%.And339 persons(70.9%)did not have these diseases.(4)There are 220 persons(46%)have heard about the ultrasound interventional therapy for gynecology,of which 109 persons have heard it through advertising,and56 persons have known it by recommendation from their friends.There are still 257(53.8%)persons have not heard about it.(5)Among 477 respondents,39 persons choose the traditional laparotomy when they need treatment,accounting for 8.2%;222 persons choose the ultrasound intervention,accounting for 46.4%;61 persons choose the laparoscopy,accounting for 12.8%;and 155 persons choose the conservative treatment,accounting for 32.4%.(6)There are 130 persons(27.2%)who have the experience of gynecological ultrasound interventional therapy(diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cyst,hysteromyoma,ectopic pregnancy,etc.),and 347 persons(72.6%)have not experienced it.(7)Among 477 respondents,53 persons(11.1%)in themselves,their family members or friends treated ovarian cyst by gynecological ultrasound intervention,59cases(12.3%)treated hysteromyoma,6 women(1.3%)treated ectopic pregnancy,and32 others(6.7%)treated other diseases.In the design of logic hierarchy,the missing value is high because there is a jump options in this question.All factors about the age,education level,occupation,monthly income,and the settlement way of medical expenses affected the recognition of ultrasound intervention therapy.At the same time,the way of knowing,medical history,choice of hospital level,regular physical examination will have an impact on the recognition of ultrasound intervention therapy.Conclusion:(1)As a new treatment method,the ultrasound interventional therapy is the first treatment choice for some gynecological diseases,which has many advantages,such as no operation,no perforation,safe and noninvasive for fine-needle aspiration.(2)The ultrasound interventional therapy for gynecological diseases has the advantages of low cost,no hospitalization and less trauma,so it meets the requirements of salariat.(3)The characteristics of ultrasound interventional therapy determine that it is suitable for basic level hospitals which cannot carry out surgery and endoscopy.(4)It is fully capable for basic level hospitals to carry out the ultrasound interventional therapy for gynecological diseases.(5)Basic level hospitals lack competitiveness due to the impact of hospital level and medical conditions,which may make some patients choose tertiary hospitals first.(6)The opportunity to contact new technology,technological renewal,the inputspeed of new technology and the economic input of hospital are also the main reasons for restricting the application of ultrasonic intervention technology in basic hospital within clinical field and its rapid development.(7)The diversity and popularity of propaganda methods are the decisive factors to increase the social recognition of ultrasound intervention technology. |
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