Comparative Study Of The Effect Of Er:YAG Laser,Diode Laser And Traditional Scalpel On Oral Buccal Mucosa Wound In Rats

Objective:The purpose of this experiment is to compare the healing process of the wounds after the treatment of Er:YAG laser,diode Laser and traditional scalpel on the buccal mucosa of rats,The rate of wound healing,the degree of inflammatory reaction and the size of scar formation were compared in three ways,so as to provide a reference for clinical application.Methods:36 SD rats were divided into Er:YAG laser+scalpel group(A group)and diode laser+scalpel group(group B),each group was 18.On the left and right buccal mucosa of group A rats,Er:YAG laser and scalpel were used to make circular wound with diameter 6mm respectively.On the left and right buccal mucosa of group B rats,diode laser and scalpel were used to make circular wound with diameter 6mm respectively.The coagulation and bleeding of the wound were observed immediately after operation.The size of the wound was measured on 3,5,7,14,21,28 days after the operation to evaluate the healing rate of 3 different ways.After 3,5,7,21,and 28 days,the tissue specimens around the wound surface were stained with HE and Masson staining.The degree of inflammation and the density and morphology of the collagen fibers were observed by histology.Results:(1)After the operation,the scalpel was more bleeding than the diode laser and Er:YAG laser,and the surface of the wound was obviously tissue coagulation after the diode laser.(2)Statistical analysis of the size of wound between each group after 3,5,7 days of operation:the data variance between each group of Day3 was not homogeneous,using Tamhane's T2 multiple comparison,the data between Day5 and Day7 did not obey the normal distribution,and the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used.The statistical results showed that Er:YAG laser group was no significant difference with the scalpel group,but the wound healing was slow in the diode laser group,and the difference between with the other two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).On the 14 day after operation,the wounds in the Er:YAG laser group and the scalpel group healed;on the 28 day after operation,the wounds in the three groups healed.(3)On the 3,5 and 7 days after the operation,the rank and test showed that there was no significant difference between the Er:YAG laser group and the scalpel group,but the diode laser group had significant difference between with the scalpel group and the Er:YAG laser group,the inflammatory reaction in the diode laser group was larger than the other two groups(P<0.05).On the 28 day after operation,there was no obvious inflammatory reaction in the three groups.(4)The density and morphology of the collagen fibers at 3,5,7,14 and 28 days after operation showed that the collagen fibers arranged regularly and in good shape in the Er:YAG laser group and the scalpel group,while the collagen fibers arranged in disorder and thickening in the diode laser group.Conclusion:When Er:YAG laser acts on the buccal mucosa of the rat,the healing speed of the wound and the degree of inflammation are not significantly different from that of the scalpel,but the wound healing is faster than that of the diode laser,and the inflammatory reaction is small.According to the observation of the collagen fibert,the scar produced after Er:YAG laser surgery is not significantly different from that of the scalpel,but smaller than that of the diode laser.