Study On The Current Situation And Influencing Factors Of Dysmenorrhea Of Female Students In An University

ObjectiveTo understand the prevalence and characteristics of primary dysmenorrhea and psychological stress among girls in a private college in Henan,explore the related factors of primary dysmenorrhea,and provide the reference for the private colleges and universities to carry out health education better,effectively prevent and cure girls'dysmenorrhea and improve the students'health.MethodsA stratified cluster sampling method was used in the study.Total of 1010 female students majored in nurse from a private college in Zhengzhou were included in the investigation.The questionnaires were conducted using College Student Stress Scale(CSSS)and the Self-designed Women's Physical and Mental Health Questionnaire(WPMHQ).CSSS included three dimensions:personal stress,academic stress,and negative life event stress.The range of theoretical score for total stress were 0~90,of which,0~44 was low stress and 45~90 was high stress.WPMHQ mainly included10 aspects such as personal general situation,menstrual period and dysmenorrhea.Total of 961 qualified questionnaires were received.The data were analyzed based on subgroups,such as,classes,study program,three stress dimensions,dietary habits,and dysmenorrhea status.The relationships between these parameters and dysmenorrhea were analyzed.SPSS21.0 software was applied in the data processing.The rate,constituent ratio,mean and standard deviation were expressed through statistical description.Univariate analysis was performed by?~2 test,t test,and F test.Multivariate analysis was performed by binary logistic regression.The test level?=0.05.Result1.The prevalence of dysmenorrheaOf the 961 girls,596 had primary dysmenorrhea with a prevalence of 62.01%detection rate.The composition ratios of mild,moderate,and severe dysmenorrhea were 60.2%,27.5%,and 12.3%,and mild dysmenorrhea was in majority.The detection rate of college students was 66.9%,and that of undergraduates was 59.5%.The difference was statistically significant(?~2=5.063,P=0.024).The detection rates of girls in grades 1,2 and 3 were 69.8%,53.0%,and 66.8%.Statistically significant(?~2=24.456,P<0.001).Eating habits:There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of dysmenorrhea between girls in different dietary habits,and between different eating spicy food habits(P=0.001,P=0.002).Menstrual status:There was also a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of dysmenorrhea between girls in different menarche age groups,between different menstrual periods,and between menstrual cycle groups(P=0.028,P<0.001,P<0.001).2.Psychological stress situationAmong the 961 girls,there were 566 people with high psychological stress,and the incidence rate was 58.9%.The students in the program of community college had significantly higher total stress(72.9%)than those of college students(49.9%)(?~2=47.027,P<0.001).The differences of the individual stress scores,such as,the scores for students in community college vs college:personal stress 23.56±6.34 vs21.37±6.83,academic stress 17.66±5.96 vs 14.51±6.22,negative life event stress6.71±2.87 vs 5.26±2.68,total stress scorem47.93±12.24 vs 41.14±12.80(P<0.001),were statistically significant(P<0.001).The scores for the sophomore,freshmen,and junior were 6.19±2.91,5.73±2.86,5.25±2.59 respectively(F=7.603,P<0.01).There was no statistical difference in the pressure scores of other dimensions.There was no statistical difference in the psychological stress of girls with different economic conditions and different growth environments.3.The relationship between psychological stress and dysmenorrheaThe degree of stress and dysmenorrhea:the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in girls with low and high psychological stress was 52.6%and 68.9%respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(?~2=26.405,P<0.001).Stress dimension and dysmenorrhea:The scores of academic stress were significantly different among three degrees of dysmenorrhea(F=3.162,P=0.043).After panywise comparison,the academic pressure score of moderate and severe dysmenorrhea was statistically different from that of mild dysmenorrhea(P=0.031,P=0.01).After logistic regression analysis,the main factors influencing dysmenorrhea were:total psychological stress OR(95%CI)=1.850(1.412,2.425),cold Food eating during menstrual period OR(95%CI)=1.470(1.170,1.848),rhythmicity of diet OR(95%CI)=1.460(1.128,1.890)and menarche age OR(95%CI)=0.761(0.612,0.946).Conclusion1.The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea is 62.01%detection rate,of which,the majority is mild dysmenorrhea;The students have relatively higher psychological stress,and the detection rate is 58.9%.The academic pressure of female with moderate or severe dysmenorrhea was higher than that of female with mild dysmenorrhea.2.The main risk factors affecting primary dysmenorrhea are psychological stress,eating cold food during menstruation and eating disorders.The protective factor is age of menarche,it is relatively young.