Clinical Value Of Preservation Of The Front Tooth Extraction Sites For Relieving Alveolar Ridge Resorption

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of front tooth extraction site preservation for reducing the absorption of alveolar ridge by analyzing the effects of tooth extraction site preservation on alveolar bone mass and soft tissue volume 6 months after front tooth extraction detected by cone beam computed tomography and gypsum model.Methods Patients with front tooth extraction indications who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial,Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southeast University from November 2015 to March 2018 were enrolled and then randomly assigned to the experimental treatment group or the control group.In the experimental treatment group,Deproteinized boving bone mineral and absorbable biofilm were used for performing tooth extraction site preservation after extracting the front tooth,while patients in the control group were not given special treatment after extracting the front tooth.All patients underwent gypsum model before tooth extraction and 6 months after the extraction.Cone beam computed tomography was also performed immediately after the extraction and 6 months after the extraction.Then the labial and palatal alveolar ridge height,the alveolar ridge width at 20%,50% and 70% of the root length,and the soft tissue height of alveolar bone at mesial papilla,distal papilla,and the highest point of the maxillary gingival margin or the lowest point of the mandibular gingival margin were measured,respectively.The differences between the two groups of each indicators at the same time point and the differences between the indicators at different time points were compared and analyzed.Results A total of 29 patients with 32 front teeth satisfying the indications for extraction were included finally.15 patients with 16 front teeth were assigned to the experimental treatment group and 14 patients with 16 front teeth were assigned to the control group.There was no statistical difference in age and gender between the two groups(P>0.05).According to the results of cone beam computed tomography,there was no significant difference in the height of the labial and palatal alveolar ridge and the alveolar ridge width at 20%,50% and 70% of the root length immediately after tooth extraction(P>0.05),while the height of the labial and palatal alveolar ridge and the alveolar ridge width at 20% and 70% of the root length 6 months after tooth extraction in the experimental treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);the reduction of the alveolar ridge height and the alveolar ridge width at 20% and 70% of the root length in the experimental treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group 6 months after tooth extraction(P<0.05).According to the measurement results of the gypsum model,there was no significant difference in the soft tissue height of alveolar bone at mesial papilla,distal papilla,and the highest point of the maxillary gingival margin or the lowest point of the mandibular gingival margin(P>0.05);the soft tissue height of alveolar bone at the highest point of the maxillary gingival margin or the lowest point of the mandibular gingival margin in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 6 months after tooth extraction(P<0.05),and the change of the soft tissue height of alveolar bone at the highest point of the maxillary gingival margin or the lowest point of the mandibular gingival margin in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(increased by 14.76% and 31.98%,respectively,P<0.05).Conclusion Extraction site preservation after front tooth extraction may help to reduce the absorption of alveolar ridge and it is of great significance for the maintenance of the alveolar ridge and soft tissue of alveolar bone,which has certain clinical value.