Investigation And Analysis Of Dietary Nutrition Status Of Residents In Huolinguole City

Objective:Through the questionnaire survey on the general situation,dietary habits,dietary frequency and dietary retrospect of residents in Huolingole city,the authors conducted a survey on the dietary status of residents in Huolingole city in three days and 24hours,the basic data and dietary intake of the residents were obtained,and the dietary nutrient intake,dietary structure,dietary behavior and BMI index were analyzed,the results were compared with the reference intake of dietary nutrients（DRIs）of Chinese residents in2013,the dietary guide of Chinese residents in 2016 and the monitoring report of nutrition and health status of Chinese residents in 2010-2013,to find out the deficiencies of Huo residents’dietary nutrition status,and to provide the basis for guiding local residents to eat reasonably,adopt scientific dietary behavior and improve their nutritional level.At the same time,I hope to provide some theoretical clues for the implementation of the National Nutrition Plan of Huolingole（2019-2030）.Methods:Using the method of multi-stage cluster random sampling,269 residents over14 years old from 110 households in three communities were randomly selected from five streets of Huolingole City.From January to June 2018,face-to-face questioning was conducted.The dietary nutrient intake,dietary structure and dietary behavior of residents were investigated by dietary frequency method and 3-day 24-hour dietary review method,and the body mass index was calculated.Excel 2007 software was used to input and establish the database of the questionnaire collected.The nutritional status of residents was analyzed with V2.7.5.8 version of nutrition calculator.Finally,SPSS 19.0 software was used to process the relevant data.Results:（1）Intake of all kinds of food:the average daily intake per standard person was 423g for sweet potato,60g for fruit,339g for vegetable,153g for animal meat and its products,and 41g for aquatic product,and the average daily intake was 423g for sweet potato food,60g for fruit food,339g for vegetables,153g for animal meat and its products and 41g for aquatic product.Milk and dairy products are 43g,beans and soya products are23g,eggs are 46.77g,edible oil is 43g,edible salt is 13g.（2）Nutrient intake of the residents surveyed:the average daily energy intake per standard person was 2513.44 cal;protein intake was 96.80 g,fat intake was 83.26 g,carbohydrate intake was 344.42 g;vitamin A,vitamin B₁,vitamin B₂ and vitamin D intake were 381.25μg,1.31 mg,0.84 mg and 18.36μg,respectively;mineral calcium,potassium,sodium,iron and iodine intake were 381.25μg,1.31 mg,0.84 mg and 18.36 ug,respectively.The intakes were 665.63 mg,2185.33 mg,2164.63 mg,20.56 mg and 55.78 mg,respectively.（3）The proportion of the three major nutrients from the thermal energy sources of the residents surveyed:protein energy supply 15.56%,fat energy supply 28.25%,carbohydrate energy supply 56.13%,of which protein energy supply 10-15%,fat energy supply 20-30%and carbohydrate energy supply ratio（push）.The recommendation ratio is 55-70%in line with the recommendation ratio.（4）BMI index:Among 266 residents surveyed,19 had BMI<18.5（thin people）,146had BMI<23.99（normal weight）and 101 had BMI<24（overweight and obesity）.The rate of overweight and obesity was 38.0%,slightly lower than the national level（the rate of overweight and obesity of adults in China was 40%）.（5）Distribution of three meals heat energy:breakfast heat energy accounted for 18.9%（25-30%recommended）,lunch heat energy accounted for 56.6%（40%recommended）,dinner heat energy accounted for 23.5%（30-35%recommended）,of which lunch heat energy accounted for far more than recommended,breakfast and dinner heat energy accounted for far less than recommended level.Conclusion:The overall overweight and obesity rate of the investigated population was38%.Overweight and obesity were negatively correlated with age groups and positively correlated with occupational and academic groups.The residents in this area had excessive dietary energy intake,high actual intake of carbohydrates,fat and protein,and the proportion of energy supply was close to the recommended level.The overall trend of nutrient intake was good,and they maintained their livelihood.Intake of vegetable A and vitamin B2,calcium and iodine is inadequate;consumption of all kinds of food is slightly better than that reported in the 2013 Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey.The problems still exist are inadequate intake of fruits,legumes and dairy products,high intake of livestock,meat,edible oil and salt,but intake of vegetables,aquatic products and eggs has met the recommended level.The daily intake frequency of pickles and pickles is higher than that of livestock and meat,and the intake frequency of nuts is lower.The proportion of energy intake in three meals is unbalanced,and there are many phenomena of not eating breakfast or dinner.Overweight and obesity are closely related to the choice of eating out.