Dermoscopic Features And Their Significance Of Androgenetic Alopecia

BackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia is the most common non-scarring alopecia in the clinic.It is characterized by the progressive miniaturization of scalp hair follicles.It occurs mostly in the late adolescence,and the clinical manifestation is progressive reduction of hair at the top of the head.Hair is an important embodiment of a personal appearance and a symbol of social status,work and social confidence.Hair loss disease has a serious impact on the patient's mental,emotional,psychological and quality of life.Hair is an important embodiment of a personal appearance.Black and thick hair is an external manifestation of physical and mental health,and a symbol of social status,work and social confidence.The diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia depends mainly on medical history and clinical signs.The moderate to severe AGA is obvious,but the early symptoms are not obvious,and there are certain difficulties in early diagnosis.Dermoscopy is a dermal magnifying glass with a polarized light source.Polarized light reduces the refraction of light in the stratum corneum of the skin,making the stratum comeum translucent,so that the structure and color of the skin,epidermis,epidermis and dermis junctions and the dermal papilla layer can be observed.In recent years,non-invasive diagnostic techniques for dermoscopy have been rapidly developed in pigmented skin diseases,neoplastic skin diseases and nail diseases.In addition,dermoscopy can also help us to observe hair diseases,and we can observe hair shafts under dermoscopy.There are four aspects:morphology,hair follicle opening,skin structure and capillaries.Therefore,it is of great clinical significance to explore the characteristic manifestations of androgenetic alopecia under dermoscopy.ObjectiveTo observe and analyze the features of androgenetic alopecia(AGA)with dermoscopy and study its significance for clinical diagnosis.MethodsClinical information and dermoscopic features of 30 patients with androgenetic alopecia,16 patients with alopecia areata and 24 normal volunteers served as controls were collected and analyzed.ResultThe dermascopic features of androgenetic alopecia in order of appearance frequency from high to low were hair diameter diversity>20%?honeycomb pattern pigmentation?increased vellus hairs?increased single follicle units?white scales increasing?telangiectasia?brown peripilar sign?white dots and focal atrichia.The incidence rate of hair diameter diversity>20%was the highest.The dermascopic features of alopecia areata in order of appearance frequency from high to low are:increased vellus hairs,black dots,yellow dots,broken hairs,telangiectasia,white dots,exclamation mark hairs,honeycomb pattern pigmentation,brown peripilar sign,ring hair/spiral hair.The difference in hair diameter diversity>20%,honeycomb pattern pigmentation,increased single follicle unit,increased vellus hairs,white dots and brown peripilar sign were significantly different between the patients with androgenetic alopecia and healthy people.The incidence rate of yellow dots,black dots,broken hairs,exclamation mark hairs,hair diameter diversity>20%,honeycomb pattern pigmentation,increased single hair follicle unit,increased white scale were significantly different in androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata,in which the incidence rate of yellow dots,black dots,broken hairs and exclamation mark hairs were lower in patients with androgenetic alopecia than those with alopecia areata;the incidence rate of hair diameter diversity>20%,honeycomb pattern pigmentation,increased single follicle unit,and white scale increasing were significantly higher in patients with androgenetic alopecia than those with alopecia areata.ConclusionDermoscopy plays an important role in early diagnosis hair loss diseases.Androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata have specific dermoscopic signs.Hair diameter diversity more than 20%is the important criteria in the early diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia.