| Objective: To explore the influence of the health education model on the postpartum diet,personal hygiene,activity and rest and rehabilitation of the parturient,and to provide the scientific basis for the maternal health education in puerperium.Methods: 210 women who were hospitalized in the top three hospital in April2017-October 2017 were selected as the subjects.The subjects were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The control group used obstetric routine nursing and health guidance.The main contents include guidelines for breastfeeding,breast care,perineum care,neonatal care,and,in the early discharge of maternity,responsible nurses in oral and written form for the attention of their missionary puerperium.On this basis,the research object of the observation group implemented individualized health education,during hospitalization,the responsible nurse adopts one-to-one education method,respectively,in the first day of childbirth,the second day,the third day to give her face-to-face health education,after the maternity discharge,the responsibility nurse uses the micro-credit public platform,the micro-letter group Way to its continuing health education,Continuous intervention for six weeks.Both groups received a follow-up call every two weeks after the postpartum follow-up,followed by the 14 th day postpartum,28 th day,,continuous follow-up to 42 days after the postpartum.Using the questionnaire before and after the health education,we compared the cognition status,food intake,personal hygiene,activity and rest of puerperal health care in the two groups.Results:There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of women in age,height,weight before pregnancy,gestation period,educational composition,the arrangement of daily living and the arrangement of age and educational background(P>0.05).The results showed that prior to individualized health education of the subjects,the knowledge rate of postpartum nutrition was lower in the subjects of observation group and control group,There was no significant difference(P>0.05),after individualized education of the early parturient in the observation group,the rate of knowledge of nutrition and health care was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the women in the observationgroup were aware that "the puerperium should eat vegetables properly" rose from 42% to 97 before the education.%,know "the puerperium should eat fruit" from 47% to 92%,know "according to height and weight,in the puerperium should be specific intake of food" from 2% to 90%,that "the puerperium can wash the head" from 54% to 77.2%,that "puerperium can bathe" from 47% to 72%,The awareness of common diseases in the puerperium has also increased in varying degrees.Prior to individualized health education,there was no significant difference(P>0.05)between observation Group(9.09±2.47) and control group(8.97±2.14) in the postpartum nutritional health knowledge score,after individualized health education,the observation group(16.61± 1.31) was higher than the control group(9.90±2.20),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).In terms of food intake the maternal intake in Yam(69.51±40.75),Vegetable(396.04 ± 105.52),fruit(211.39 ± 111.55) and soybean(32.92 ± 14.50) was significantly higher than that in the control group(53.30 ± 45.88,284.50 ± 86.37,125.50 ± 95.74,20.15 ± 16.06),however,in cereals(245.05 ± 46.10),Animal and poultry meat(66.83±30.88),aquatic products(67.13±44.0),eggs(112.87±40.06),The intake of the control group(281.50±54.43,80.40±29.23,84.70±72.87,130.20±72.89) was significantly higher than the observation group,the observation group in the NUT(6.78 ± 7.53) and milk(305.45 ± 152.13) There was no statistically significant difference between intake and control group intake(5.60±6.52,287.00±172.27).In terms of personal hygiene and activities and rest,the observation group had no significant difference in the number of daily cleanings of the perineum,and the number of daily window ventilation(1.24±0.43,1.46±0.69) and the control group(1.18 ± 0.39,0.93 ± 0.62).Compared with the control group(0.5 ± 0.66),the observation group had the first shampoo(13.07±5.67),Bath Time(15.40±5.74),brushing time(2.04±1.56),and the Observation Group(1.03±0.74) in the treatment of postpartum rehabilitation.The bed time(17.09±1.41) was significantly shortened compared with the observation group(24.04±9.38,27.25±6.74,4.67±3.98,19.06± 1.41),and the observation group and the control group were 5.9% and 4%respectively,without significant difference.In terms of postpartum rehabilitation,the incidence of oral disease(4%),breast disease incidence(5.9%) and constipation(6.9%) in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group(13%,18%,25%),and the Lochia time duration of the observation group and the control group were(23.59 ± 6.11,27.75±4.67),the difference is statistically significant,the observation group maternal postpartum 42 days of body weight(57.42±5.54) and control group(57.59±5.19) compared with no significant difference,the observation group and control group in the incidence of puerperal infection is(3%,7%) There is no statistically significant difference.The incidence of waist-back pain and joint pain in the observation group(14.9%,20.8%) was not statistically significant compared with that in the control group(18%,17%).Conclusion: In the puerperium,the individualized health education can effectively improve the knowledge about the nutrition and health of the puerperal women,so as to improve the unscientific and unreasonable dietary habits and behaviors of the pregnant women,and help the pregnant women to set up the correct concept of health care and improve the rehabilitation effect of the parturient in the puerperium. |
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