Distribution Of Syndrome Elements And Medicine Law Based On Medical Records Of Hematuria In Ming And Qing Dynasties

ObjectiveTo explore the rule of Chinese medicine in treating hematuria in Ming and Qing dynasty by data mining technology and literature research methods.To provide new insights for the therapeutic method of hematuria.MethodsPerforming a systematic search on Encyclopedia Of Traditional Chinese Medicine with some keywords about "Niao-xue" for Chinese medical literatures of hematuria in Ming and Qing dynasty,extracting TCM clinical information of medical cases including name,gender,age,past-history,TCM constitution,hobby,diet,mental health,symptoms,syndrome elements,prescription medication,etc.TCM database was formed after standardization.Use various statistical methods to statistics analysis.ResultsPatient’s general condition.352 medical cases were included.Of 119 medical cases,there are 98 males and 21 females,and their proportion is 4.67:1;96 medical cases record information about season,autumn and summer accounting for 65.62%.Of 111 medical cases.The most common causes are exogenous disease,unhealthy diet,excessive fatigue,negative emotional stimuli,wrong treatment,secondary disease.Fatigue includes physical overstrain,excessive sexual intercourse and psychological overstrain.Some hematuria is caused by wrong treatment after perspiration and vomiting.And exogenous pathogeny includes wind and heat.Among which other diseases account for 54.05%.Other diseases included malaria,jaundice,blood loss,cholera and asthma,among which malaria accounted for 51.67%.A total of 70 medical cases recorded the patients’ constitutions,and there were 6 types of constitutions,among which the damp-heat,qi-deficiency and phlegm-dampness constitutions accounted for 42.86%,28.57%and 12.86%respectively,and 84.29%in total.All cases of symptoms,tongue,pulse,drugs and between the data analysis and mining results.In the analysis of symptom frequency,232 kinds of symptoms were recorded in all 352 medical cases,with 1729 cumulative occurrences.He symptoms,a total of 38,cumulative frequency more than 75%,including nixie,fever,thirst,constipation,cough,eat less,urine acerbity,have phlegmy,loose stools,sweat,abdominal pain,insomnia,diarrhea,fever,irritability,god faint,headache,chest tightness,abdominal distension,urine turbidity,the diagnosis and with the new,hang,languid,vomiting,pain,nausea,bitter mouth,no sweat,cold fever,delirious speech,yellow,less urine,body weight deafness,limbs of appetite,chest pain,retching,edema.Symptoms factor analysis,extract 19 male factors,respectively Fsl dry vomiting,nausea,no sweat;Fs2 suffers from insomnia,cloudy urine and irritability;Fs3 had abdominal pain and cold limbs;Fs4 has yellow skin and yellow eyes.Fs5 chest pain,hypochondria;Fs6 cough;Fs7 delirious and delirious speech;Fs8 deafness and chest tightness;Fs9 vomiting and diarrhea;Fs10 mouth thirst,headache;Fs11 eats little and has a thin body;Fs12 constipation;Fs13 edema;Fs14 cold and heat exchange;Fs15 fatigue;Fs16 epigastric ruffian;Fs17 has phlegm,aversion to cold and fever;Fs18 has difficulty urinating;Fs19 has less urine.Symptoms cluster analysis,10 groups of symptoms were obtained,respectively Csl nausea,retching,no sweat,epigastric ruffians;Cs2 hypochondria,chest pain;Cs3 has less urine;Cs4 vomiting and diarrhea;Cs5 deafness,chest tightness,headache;Cs6 insomnia,cloudy urine,irritability,cold and heat exchange;Cs7:lack of food,emaciation of body,tiredness and fatigue,and painful urination;Cs8 cough,sputum,coma,delirium,constipation,thirst;Cs9:yellow skin and eyes;Cs10 abdominal pain,cold and edema of limbs.Results of symptom association rules:a total of 23 association groups were obtained.After visualization,it could be seen that fever,thirst,constipation and cough were the most obvious symptom groups.Data analysis and mining results of tongue manifestation and pulse manifestation.Tongue manifestation frequency analysis:a total of 137 medical cases recorded tongue manifestation,a total of 37 kinds of tongue manifestation,the total frequency is 195 times,high frequency tongue manifestation includes yellow tongue coating,greasy tongue coating,white tongue coating,tongue white,crimson tongue,dry tongue,dry tongue coating,red tongue,black tongue coating,red tongue tip,burr tongue,thick tongue coating.Pulse manifestation frequency analysis,a total of 226 basis to record the pulse manifestation,a total of 27 kinds of pulse manifestation,the cumulative frequency of 408 times,high-frequency pulse manifestation including rapid pulse-stringy pulse,thread pulse,weak pulse,deep pulse,soft pulse,floating pulse,surging pulse,hollow pulse,hesitant pulse.Drug data analysis and mining results.The drug frequency was divided into 359 drugs,and the cumulative frequency was 3649 times.High-frequency medicines,a total of 56,the cumulative frequency of 61.36%,such as licorice root,Tuckahoe,dried tangerine or orange peel,gardenia,panela,radix scutella,angelica saneness,rhizome animates,rhizome cupids,stratiotes,cortex mouton,ginseng,radix dehumanize,radix peonies alba,talc,rhizome nemertean,bitter almond,radix ophiopogonin,radix butlery,ginger,podia Cocos,caulis dendrobium,coax seed,bamboo shavings,magnolia bark,forsythia,also,big jujube,etc.According to the statistics on the classification and distribution of drug efficacy,all 359 kinds of drugs amount to 19 categories of traditional Chinese medicine,which are mainly distributed in the four categories of drugs for cheat-clearing,drugs for nourishing yin,medicines for the relieving cough and reducing sputum,with the frequency of 20.86%,19.95%,14.63%and 10.28%Respectively,accounting for 65.72%in total.Drug factor analysis,a total of 25 kinds of common factors,are F1 astragals,ginseng,stratiotes,angelica;F2 yam,ripe Romania,peony bark;F3 polypore’s umbel latus,virgate wormwood herb,Alisha orientalism;F4 jujube;F5 loquat leaf,mulberry leaf and reed root;F6 ricepaperplant pith,bitter almond;F7 peony bark,rhizoma rehmanniae;F8 honeysuckle and dendrobium;F9 achyranthes and cassia twig;F10 radix trichosanthes and anemarrhenae;F11 cypress and gardenia;F12 radix Scutellariae;F13 ginseng,forsythia;F14 fructus aurantii and hawthorn;F15 red Indian bread and dried tangerine peel;F16 coptis chinensis;F17 inula flower;F18 dwarf lilyturf tuber;F19 processed liquorice and dried ginger;F20 gypsum;F21 immature orange fruit;F22 plantain seed;F23 common aucklandia root;F24 fritillary bulb;F25 green husk.Drug cluster analysis,drugs were divided into 6 groups,namely C1 group yam,ripe land,ginseng,atractylodes,astragalus,angelica,processed liquorice,dried ginger,jujube;C2 group:poring,alisma orientalis,wormwood,achyranthes bidentata,cassia twig,fructus aurantii,hawthorn,red poria,plantain seed,green peel,orange peel,wood fragrance;Scutellaria baicalensis,rhizoma coptidis and immature bitter orange in C3 group;In group C4,radix coptidis,bitter almond,loquat leaf,mulberry leaf,reed root,fritillaria fritillariae,spiralis;Group C5 cortex moutan and radix rehmanniae;C6 group:cortex phellodendron,gardenia,radix sophorae,forsythia,trichosanthes,anemarrhenae,gypsum,honeysuckle,dendrobium,radix ophiopogonis.Drug association rules:different association groups were formed around the drugs of radix glycyrrhizae,ginseng,atractylodes macrocephala,orange peel,poria cocos,alisma orientalis,scutellaria baicalensis,rhizoma coptidis,gardenia,radix bupleuri,angelica sinensis,pinellia ternata,cortex moutan,and radix rehmanniae.Symptoms,tongue,pulse and drug association rules.The association rules of symptoms and drugs were obtained,and the association rules of symptoms and drugs were obtained,such as fever,difficulty in micturition,turbid urination,lack of food,insomnia,thirsty mouth,cough,fatigue,cold and heat exchange,constipation and dizziness.Associated drugs for fever include mulberry leaf,dendrobium,radix ophiopogonis,rhizoma anemarrhenae,radix astragali,ginseng,atractylodes macrocephala,radix puerariae,etc.The constipation related drugs include rhubarb,gardenia,loquat leaf,trichosanthes trichosanthis,etc.The associated drugs of cough include mulberry leaf,loquat leaf,bitter almond,reed root,rhizome,Perilla,clam shell,waxgourd seed and so on.The associated drugs of oral thirst include gypsum,trichosanthin,radix glycyrrhizae,etc.The associated drugs for insomnia,cloudy urine and headache include fruit of caoguo,betel nut and magnolia officinalis.The main drugs associated with the two diseases were ginseng,atractylodes macrocephala,rhizoma yam and poria cocos.Associated drugs for astringent urination include alisma orientalis,polyporus polygoni,orange peel,magnolia officinalis,woody balsam,ligusticum chuanxiong and angelica sinensis.The drugs associated with the exchange of cold and heat include bupleurum,radix scutellariae and radix glycyrrhizae.Shenhun is strongly associated with calamus and gardenia.Associated agents for diarrhea include processed liquorice,atractylodes macrocephala,and dried ginger.Associated drugs for abdominal distension include cassia twig and atractylodes macrocephaly.Abdominal pain is strongly associated with divine comedy.The associated drugs of tongue and pulse include dendrobium,unprocessed rehmannia root,cape jasmine fruit,weeping forsythia capsule,turmeric root tuber,fushen,bamboo shavings,dried tangerine peel,etc.The associated drugs of tongue,pulse and disease include liquorice root,waxgourd seed,cape jasmine fruit,bamboo shavings,baical skullcap root and so on.Frequency analysis of syndrome factors:a total of 286 medical cases containing syndrome elements of the nature of disease were recorded.33 syndrome elements of the nature of disease were extracted,with a total frequency of 560 times.High-frequency syndrome elements of the nature of disease include heat,dampness,Yin deficiency,heat,fire,qi deficiency,phlegm,qi stagnation and wind.Association rules of disease syndromes,the strong association group includes Yin deficiency and Yang hyperactivity,rheumatic fever,damp-heat qi stagnation,phlegm-damp-heat,damp-heat,heat deficiency.Based on the frequency analysis of disease location elements,a total of 171 medical cases recorded The syndrome elements of disease location of hematuria,and a total of 19 disease location elements were extracted,with a total frequency of 276 times.High-frequency syndrome elements of disease location included liver,stomach,spleen,lung,kidney,bladder,small intestine,heart,half surface,half interior,and surface,etc.The association rules of disease location elements were:heart,liver and kidney,spleen and stomach,heart and kidney,lung,liver and kidney,heart and small intestine,liver and small intestine,spleen,stomach and liver.The patients in the group with strong correlation between location and disease,including bladder,kidney and Yin deficiency,heat and dampness,liver and kidney and Yin deficiency,lung and kidney and Yin deficiency,heart and liver and Yin deficiency,lung and stomach,lung and liver,small intestine and heart,heart and liver,half surface and half inside were all hot.The associated drugs of Yin deficiency include cornus officinalis,cortex moutan,Chinese yam,rhizoma rehmanniae,rhizoma rehmanniae,alisma orientalis,rhizoma lotus rhizome,etc.Wet associated drugs including nutmeg,coix seed,rhizoma atractylodis,wormwood,dried tangerine or orange peel,magnolia bark,alisma,poria cocos,Bi Xie,ricepaperplant pith,talc,etc.The heat-related drugs include gardenias,mulberry leaves,forsythia,and reed roots.Related drugs of qi deficiency include ginseng,atractylodes macrocephala,Chinese yam,poria cocos,etc.Phlegm related drugs include loofah,trichosanthis,bamboo shavings,scutellaria and coptis.The associated summer medicines include cablin,bamboo leaves,licorice,American ginseng,anemarrhena rhizome,etc.The associated drugs of qi stagnation include rhubarb,rhizoma coptidis and angelica sinensis.The correlative drugs of blood stasis include corydalis corydalis and neem chinensis.Fire related drugs include rhizoma rehmanniae,rhizoma coptidis,etc.Wind-related drugs include rhizoma acanthopanax.The correlation between location and drugs results showed that the drugs related to lung included reed root,bitter almond,loquat leaf,mulberry leaf,mulberry white skin,clam shell and so on.Liver related drugs include gardenia,peony peel,paeony root,dendrobium,rhizoma corydalis,neem and so on.Related drugs of spleen include ginseng,atractylodes macrocephala,poria cocos,radix bupleuri,angelica sinensis,etc.Gastric related drugs include radix aconiti,angelica sinensis,pinellia temata,etc.Kidney related drugs include cooked rehmannia officinalis,corpus officinalis,Chinese yam,peony rhizome,angelica sinensis and so on.Half of the list of related drugs includes magnolia officinalis,betel nut,fruit and so on.Bladder related drugs include amber,angelica sinensis,and achyranthes bidentata.ConclusionGeneral situation:the incidence of blood and urine syndrome in males is more than that in females,and the incidence season is concentrated in summer and autumn.The disease is caused by external feeling,fatigue,internal injury,mistreatment,improper diet and other diseases,among which malaria is the main cause.The most common cause of internal injury was fatigue,and the most common cause of external injury was heat.Syndrome element distribution:the distribution range of syndrome elements in hematuria is wide,and heat,fire,dampness,qi stagnation,blood stasis,phlegm,qi deficiency,water stopping,Yang deficiency,Yang hyperactivity,blood deficiency,Yin deficiency,deficiency of fluid,and closure are the key factors in the disease syndrome elements.The kidney,bladder,lung,liver,spleen,stomach,chest diaphragm,mind,semi-surface,semi-interior and gallbladder are the key elements.Among them,the heat of evil,injury of blood collaterals is the most common cause of hematuria.Medication rule:Treating hematuria,give priority to with qi deficiency,Yin deficiency syndrome,often with internal heat,phlegm and blood stasis,drink,clinical go up common atractylodes,ginseng,astragalus root,rehmannia glutinosa,yam,white paeony root,angelica,poria cocos,rhizoma anemarrhenae,radix trichosanthis,caulis dendrobii,flos lonicerae,radix scrophulariae,radix ophiopogonis,such as medicine,tonify deficiency,eliminating stasis,nourishing blood as its main therapeutic medicine.Demonstration is given priority to with damp and hot,often combined and qi stagnation,dyspepsia,phlegm,heat evil ablaze,clinical go up common gardenia,cortex phellodendri,radix scutellariae,also,cortex moutan,radix rehmanniae,talc,sweet,bitter orange,hawthorn,green tangerine peel,dried tangerine or orange peel,magnolia bark,etc.,demonstration is given priority to with fire,gas cure,pay attention to prevent evil heat flourishing,phlegm heat blind mind weight certificate.’In addition to the treatment of urine and blood,there are also specific drugs for different symptoms,which are mainly distributed in drugs such as nourishing Yin and clearing heat,invigorating qi,promoting water infiltration and dampness,and reducing qi and resolving phlegm.In addition,there are specific drugs for different syndromes,namely different pathogenic factors and pathogenesis.