SFRP5 Inhibits The Migration And Invasion Of Melanoma Cells Through Wnt Signaling Pathway

Objective: Secreted frizzled-related protein 5(SFRP5)plays a key role in the development and progression of multiple tumors.However,the role of SFRP5 in melanoma remains unknown.This study was designed to investigate the effects of SFRP5 on the biological characteristics of melanoma cells and to elucidate the specific mechanisms.Methods: We used immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis to detect the expression of SFRP5 in melanoma tissues and melanoma cells,respectively.In vitro,MTT assay and colony formation assay were used to detect the effect of SFRP5 on melanoma cell proliferation;flow assay was used to detect the effect of SFRP5 on melanoma cell apoptosis;scratch healing test and Tanswell migration assay were used to detect SFRP5 migration to melanoma cells;Tanswell invasion assay was used to detect the effect of SFRP5 on melanoma cell invasion.In terms of mechanism,Werstern blot was used to investigate the regulation of SFRP5 on Wnt signaling pathway in melanoma cells.Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the effect of SFRP5 on epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)and matrix metalloproteinase2/9(MMP2/9).In vivo,the treated melanoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously in nude mice to observe the effect of SFRP5 on melanoma growth;immunohistochemistry,Werstern blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the effect of SFRP5 on angiogenesis;HE staining was used to observe the role of SFRP5 in lung metastasis of melanoma;immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of EMT and MMP2/9 in the tumor.Results: We found that SFRP5 was markedly downregulated in melanoma tissues and cell lines.The SFRP5 overexpression exhibited no effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of melanoma cells but markedly suppressed the migration and invasion of melanoma cells in vitro.Regarding mechanisms,the SFRP5 overexpression inhibited the migration and invasion of melanoma cells by suppressing the EMT process and decreasing the MMP2/9 expression through the Wnt signaling pathway.Finally,in a xenograft animal model,we illustrated that the SFRP5 overexpression suppressed the tumor growth by decreasing angiogenesis and declined lung metastasis.Conclusions: SFRP5 inhibited the migration and invasion of melanoma cells,which may be related to the Wnt signaling pathway.