Study On The Volatile Components Of Six Medicine And Food Homology Substances By HS-SPME/GC-MS

The origin of medicinal and food homologous foods in China is early and there are many kinds,but few of them can form scale and go abroad.At present,the problems of medicinal and food homologous products on the market mainly include adulteration,impurity of ingredients,unclear efficacy components,etc.To establish an analytical method for accurately identifying and quantifying the chemical components of medicinal and food homologous products will effectively improve the research and development and application of medicinal and food homologous products in China.Volatile oil is one of the important active ingredients of medicinal and food homologous substances.Studying its extraction and identification methods and establishing a database of volatile components will provide important reference value for the establishment of quality control system of medicinal and food homologous products.In this study,the volatile components from six medicinal and food homologues substances of Pueraria lobata,Manuka honey,Colla Corii Asini,Chrysanthemum moriflium Ramat,Hippophae rhamnoides L.,Lonicera Confusa were extracted by headspace solid phase microextraction(HS-SPME).The volatile components were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).In this study,the total peak area and number of peaks of the volatile compounds were used as indices to optimize the extraction conditions by single factor and orthogonal test.The methods for the determination of volatile compounds in Pueraria lobata,Manuka honey,Colla Corii Asini,Chrysanthemum moriflium Ramat,Hippophae rhamnoides L.,Lonicera Confusa by HS-SPME/GC-MS were established.Meanwhile,the volatile oil of Hippophae rhamnoides L.and Lonicera Confusa were extracted by steam distillation(SD),and compared with HS-SPME pretreatment method.The results show that:(1)The optimum conditions for extracting volatile substances from Pueraria lobata by HS-SPME were as follows: 3.0 g sample,the extraction temperature was 90 ?,the equilibrium time was 13 min,the extraction time was 50 min and the desorption time was 5 min.Under these conditions,67 species of volatile components from Pueraria lobata were identified,including 11 esters,22 aldehydes,9 alcohols,5 ketones,8 terpenes,and 12 others.(2)The optimum conditions for extracting volatile compounds from Manuka honey by HS-SPME were as follows: the sample volume was 3.0 g,the ratio of honey(g)to water(mL)was 10: 2,the extraction temperature was 80 ?,the equilibrium time was 15 min,the extraction time was 50 min,and the desorption time was 3 min.Under these conditions,33 species of volatile components from Manuka honey were identified,including 5 ketones,4 esters,5 alcohols,7 aldehydes,6 alkenes and 6 other compounds.(3)The optimum conditions for extracting volatile compounds from Colla Corii Asini by HS-SPME were as follows: 5.0 g sample,the extraction temperature was 70 ?,the equilibrium time was 10 min,the extraction time was 50 min and the desorption time was 5 min.Under these conditions,41 species of volatile components from Colla Corii Asini were identified,including 10 pyrazines,8 aldehydes,5 esters,6 ketones and 13 others.(4)The optimum conditions for extracting volatile substances from Chrysanthemum moriflium Ramat by HS-SPME were as follows: 0.3 g sample with addition of 1.0 g NaCl and 8 mL distilled water was extracted at 70 ? for 50 min and desorption for 5 min.Under these conditions,a total of 88 volatile compounds were identified,among which olefins(26.48%),alcohols(23.55%)and ketones(5.86%)were relatively high.(5)The optimum conditions for extracting volatile substances from Lonicera Confusa by HS-SPME were as follows: extraction temperature and equilibrium time were 60 ? and 25 min,the extraction time and desorption time were 60 min and 5 min.Under this condition,59 components were identified,accounting for 97.17% of the total,and the main components were terpenes,alcohols and aldehydes;68 components were identified from the extracts of SD,accounting for 91.69% of the total,the main components are alcohols,aldehydes and ketones.The types and contents of volatile oil components extracted by the two methods are quite different.(6)The optimum conditions for extracting volatile compounds from Hippophae rhamnoides L.by HS-SPME were as follows: extraction temperature and extraction time were 70 ? and 50 min,the desorption time and the equilibrium time were 7 min and 20 min.Under this condition,76 components were identified,accounting for 90.19% of the total,and the main components were esters,aldehydes and ketones;56 components were identified from the extracts of SD,accounting for 91.98% of the total,and the main components were esters.There are 20 common components were detected.There are great differences of the volatile oil content extracted from Hippophae rhamnoides L.by the two extraction methods.