| Background:Schizophrenia,a kind of severe mental disorder with a worldwide prevalence of approximately 0.3%-0.7%,is characterized by positive symptoms,negative symptoms,cognitive dysfunction,hostility,depression.Etiology and treatment of schizophrenia remain a challenge for clinicians.Patients with TRS(Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia)and NTRS(Non-Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia)respond to antipsychotic drugs differently.Evidence indicated that schizophrenia was a type of brain dysfunction,but lacking of repeatability,and there are few studies on regional brain activity in patients with TRS.Our study explored the regional brain activity in patients with TRS by using the method of regional homogeneity to search for potential neurobiological markers in both of patientsMethods:A total of 17 patients with TRS,17 patients with NTRS,and 29 HCs(Healthy Controls)matched in sex,age,and education levels were recruited to undergo RS-fMRI(Resting-State functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging)in our study.ReHo was used to process the neuroimaging data.ANCOVA followed by post-hoc t tests,ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic curves),and correlation analyses were applied for the data analysisResults:ANCOVA analysis revealed widespread differences in ReHo among the three groups in the occipital,frontal,temporal,and parietal lobes.Further post-hoc t/test showed that compared to the group of patients with NTRS,TRS showed increased ReHo in the left postcentral gyrus and decreased ReHo in the right angular gyrus.Compared with HCs,TRS exhibited decreased ReHo in the right fusiform gyrus,left middle occipital gyrus/middle temporal gyrus,right middle occipital gyrus/middle temporal gyrus,right superior occipital gyrus,and right superior parietal lobule,and increased ReHo in the right middle frontal gyrus/orbital part,right putamen,left inferior frontal gyrus/triangular part,right inferior frontal gyrus/triangular part,and bilateral superior medial frontal gyrus.By contrast,relative to HCs,NTRS had decreased ReHo in the right fusiform gyrus,right inferior occipital gyrus,left middle occipital gyrus/middle temporal gyrus,and left postcentral gyrus,and increased ReHo in the left angular gyrus and right angular gyrus.ROC results indicated that the optimal sensitivity and specificity of the ReHo values in the left postcentral gyrus,left inferior frontal gyrus/triangular part,and right fusiform could differentiate TRS from NTRS,TRS from HCs,and NTRS from HCs were 94.12%and 82.35%,100%and 86.21%,and 82.35%and 93.10%,respectively.No correlation was found between abnormal ReHo and clinical symptoms in patients with TRS or NTRSConclusions:TRS and NTRS shared most brain regions with abnormal neural activity.Abnormal ReHo values in the left postcentral gyrus,left inferior frontal gyrus/triangular part,and right fusiform might be applied to differentiate TRS from NTRS,TRS from HCs,and NTRS from HCs with high sensitivity and specificity. |
