Mechanism Of Action Of Gastrodia Elata And Its Active Substances On Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice

Gastrodia elata Blume?G.elata?is a saprophytic perennial herb of the orchid family,native to China,Korea and Japan.Traditional Chinese medicine has used dry tuber of G.elata to treat dizziness,convulsions and epilepsy for centuries.Recent studies have shown that G.elata not only has the effect of enhancing memory,improving the brain,preventing aging,but also has a certain effect on Alzheimer's disease,and its efficacy has been confirmed in many countries.G.elata extract can improve D-galactose-induced memory impairment in mice,reduce oxygen free radicals,prevent neuronal damage,and exhibit anxiolytic-like effects through the?-aminobutyric acid?GABA?nervous system.It can significantly improve neurological deficits.Gastrodia and its main bioactive ingredients,Gastrodin have been shown multiple functional effects,including cognitive enhancement,neuroprotection,anti-depression and anti-inflammatory,which can significantly improve Alzheimer's disease?AD?model mice learn memory function.AD is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction.The main pathological hallmark of AD is the presence of a large number of senile plaques,neurofibrillary tangles and cholinergic dysfunction in the brain.According to epidemiological statistics,the disease has become one of the most serious diseases that threaten the health of the elderly.Under pathological conditions,the potential of herbal plants and their biologically active compounds as new treatments for central nervous system diseases has received much attention.The research on intestinal micro-ecology and various chronic diseases has grown exponentially in recent years,and the influence of intestinal micro-ecology on the development of various diseases has been widely recognized internationally.Most human chronic diseases are not only related to the human genome,but also to gene-environment interactions?eg,intestinal microbes are important factors?.This makes traditional"single drug-target"drug discovery methods less suitable.At present,more and more studies have found that the targets of traditional Chinese medicines include the host and its symbiotic microorganisms,which makes it possible for Chinese medicine to enter the Western market as a potential new drug.The study found that the intestinal flora is closely related to the physiological functions and diseases of the central nervous system.Intestinal symbiotic microbial flora can affect host brain and behavior through a variety of direct or indirect ways,by exploring the specific mechanisms of intestinal microbial flora in the brain-brain axis information exchange on brain function and behavior,in order to find some prevention and a new micro-ecological treatment for central nervous system diseases.In summary,this study established a mouse model of AD induced by D-gal and AlCl₃peroxidation,and then used water extract of Rhizoma Gastrodiae?WERG?,gastrodin,vanillin,and gastrodia elata polysaccharide?RGPS?to intervene in AD model mice.After treatment and intragastric intervention for one month,the pharmacodynamics were screened with water maze.WERG,gastrodin,vanillin and RGPS had different learning and memory abilities and spatial exploration ability in AD model group.The degree has been improved.The expression of P-Tau protein in hippocampus of mice was quantitatively analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.The expression of P-Tau protein in hippocampus of each group was inhibited to some extent.The abundance of intestinal flora in each group was investigated by 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of intestinal microbes.The high-dose of WERG found three probiotics of Lactobacillus johnsonii,Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus reuteri,which provided a new idea and method for preventing and delaying Alzheimer's disease.