| Objective:To study the change of the foot posture with growth and development of preschool-aged children in Changsha.Methods:Ten kindergartens were randomly selected from the five areas of urban in Changsha,Hunan Province that from April 1 to June 1,in 2019.There were 453 preschool-aged children(including 260 male and 193 femal)were met the inclusion criterias.The median age was 4.7(4.04,5.42)years old,and the median body mass index(BMI)was 15.1(14.3,16.1)kg/m~2.In this study,we measured the foot posture index of children taking the foot posture index-6 items operator's manual proposed by Redmond and his team.The children were all dressed in thin clothes,standing on a table 60 cm above the ground,barefoot,relaxed and still.The same experienced and skilled doctor scored the feet of the subjects twice respectively(including Talar Head Palpation,curves above and below the lateral ankle malleoli,Calcaneal Inversion/eversion,talo-navicular congruence,medial arch height and congruence,forefoot Abduction/adduction).The calculation of the posture index(FPI)is obtained by algebraic addition of the individual score values of six observation items,the unilateral of FPI value is the average of twice measurements.The average FPI value of the left foot represented by"LFPI",and the average FPI value of the right foot represented by"RFPI",the average FPI value of the bilateral foot represented by"TFPI".The ranges of LFPI,RFPI and TFPI values are all between(-12,+12)."-"stands for supination,and"+"stands for pronation.Chi square test or Fisher exact probability method were used to compare the differences among LFPI,RFPI,age,BMI and gender.Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the differences among LFPI,RFPI and different ages.The differences among LFPI,RFPI and BMI were analyzed by Rank sum test and multiple comparison.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations of LFPI,RFPI and height,weight and BMI.P<0.05 presented the difference was statistically significant.Results:(1)The TFPI was 3(2,5),LFPI was 3(2,4.5),RFPI was 4(2,5),the range of TFPI score was(-5,+10).71 children(15.7%)had left flatfoot or pronation tendency,86 children(19.0%)had right flatfoot or pronation tendency.The correlation coefficient between LFPI and RFPI was 0.721,the correlation was strong,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The most common types of feet in the sample are normal feet and flat feet or pronated feet.(2)The?~2 value between gender and LFPI was 5.802,P=0.055,the difference was not statistically significant.The?~2 value of gender and RFPI was6.116,P=0.039,indicating that there was a significant difference in RFPI and gender.The incidence of flat or pronation tendency of right foot in male(21.5%)was higher than that in female(15.5%).(3)In 3 to 6 years old children,the H value of different ages and LFPI was4.787,P>0.05.The H value of different ages and RFPI was 3.988,P>0.05,indicating that there was no significant difference between different ages and LFPI or RFPI.(4)There was no significant correlation between LFPI,RFPI and body weight,height and BMI.(5)The H value between BMI grades and LFPI was 9.841,P<0.05,the difference was statistically significant.The H value between BMI grades and RFPI was 7.337,P>0.05,there was no significant difference.In terms of left foot,multiple comparisons of BMI grades showed that the overall distribution of LFPI in emaciated group was significantly different from that in normal group and hyper recombination group.Conclusion:The median score of TFPI was 3(2,5).The classification of RFPI was influenced by gender,the incidence of flat or pronation tendency of the right foot in male(21.5%)was higher than that in female(15.5%).The classification of LFPI was influenced by BMI,the incidence of left flat or pronated foot in emaciated children(50.0%)was higher than that in normal(14.8%)and overweight children(11.1%). |
PDF Full Text Request