| Objective:Current neuroimaging studies have proven that schizophrenia(SZ)has abnormal brain structure and function.In recent years,relevant studies in animal experiments,blood,and cerebrospinal fluid have suggested that blood-brain barrier injury is one of the pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia.One point of view is that dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)is a new method for evaluating the permeability of the blood-brain barrier,and there is no research for applying it to the detection of the permeability of the blood-brain barrier for schizophrenia.Therefore,in this study applied DCE-MRI technology to detect the the blood-brain barrier(BBB)permeability of schizophrenia patients,in order to explore the change of blood-brain barrier permeability in schizophrenia patients,and to initially understand the correlation between blood-brain barrier preliminary and gender,age,cytokine levels in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:The study included 33 patients with schizophrenia and 25 healthy adults for DCE-MRI.After excluding subjects with head motion and severe sympton,there were 29 patients with schizophrenia(13 males and 16 females,average age is 27.97 years old)and 18 healthy controls(HC,8 males,10 females,average age is 30.67 years)were enrolled in the study group,and calculate the average volume transfer constant(Ktrans)values of 90 brain regions of each subject's anatomical automatic labeling template(AAL)and gray matter(GM)and white matter(WM).When the data meets normality,two independent sample t-tests are used to statistically analyze the difference in Kuans values between patients and the healthy controls;otherwise,use Non-parametric test(Kolmogorov-Smirnov)analyzes the differences between the two groups,and uses a multivariate general linear model to compare the differences between the groups after adding covariates,analyzes the correlation between Ktrans value and factors such as gender,age,years of education,PANSS score,cytokine levels,etc.,and for 16 schizophrenia patients and 14 healthy controls,the Ktrans,T1,Ct,Cp and other values of each voxel are calculated in matlab and spm,and the two-sample t-test is used to compare Ktrans mapping between SZ and HC,P<0.05 is statistically different.Results:In each brain region algorithm,male subjects have higher Ktrans values in multiple brain regions than women.Compared with the healthy control group,the Ktrans value of the right temporal middle gyrus in the schizophrenia patients was increased(p=0.0.044),and the Ktrans value in some brain regions was significantly correlated with serum inflammatory cytokine levels;but,after distinguishing between gray matter and white matter,there was no significant difference in the average Ktrans value of whole brain gray matter and white matter between patients and controls.we further calculated the blood-brain barrier permeability of each voxel based on the above results,and found the brain regions with significantly increased Ktrans values were mostly concentrated in the temporal lobe,left inferior frontal gyrus,right superior crus cerebellum,and left middle occipital gyrus.The brain regions with significantly lower Ktrans values are the right fusiform gyrus,the left precentral gyrus,the left postcentral gyrus,the left medial superior frontal gyrus,the left supplementary motor area,and the right cerebellum inferior.Conclusion:This study found that there is a blood-brain barrier permeability disorder in patients with schizophrenia,which is mainly manifested by significantly increased blood-brain barrier permeability in multiple brain regions,especially in the bilateral temporal lobe and left inferior frontal gyrus;And permeability is related to serum cytokine levels These findings may help us understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the brain in patients with schizophrenic,and also suggested that blood-brain barrier permeability disorder may be an important pathophysiological feature of schizophrenia. |
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