| As a Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)derived from the ripe fruits of the Zingiberaceae family,Alpinia oxyphylla Miq(A.oxyphylla)is widely used for its neuroprotective,anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anti-allergy,anti-ulcer,glucose-lowering,and memory-enhancing effects.It is warm in property,pungent in favor,and with the Spleen and Stomach Meridian distribution.This TCM was listed as one of the "Four Great Southern Medicines" and listed as a medicinal and edible food by the Chinese Ministry of Health.The 2015 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" stipulates that the medicine used in medicine is mature fruits,and the seeds are processed to remove impurities and shells,then mash when used.There are Salt Alpinia oxyphylla Miq seed in traditional usage.The quality of the medicinal materials were study by used near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)to replace the traditional quality evaluation methods,which were tedious,time-consuming,laborious or even polluted.NIRS,as an analytical technique,has the advantages of fast measurement speed,non-destructive samples,and simple operation.It has been widely used in the quality testing of Chinese medicinalmaterials and decoction pieces.To obtain a fast and comprehensive quality control evaluation method,to provide new methods and ideas for the quality evaluation of the TCM,and to provide a basis for its processing and reasonable clinical application,NIRS technology was implied to quantitative and qualitative analysis of the TCM.The main contents and results of this study are as follows:Firstily,collection of quality control data related to medicinal materials.The common Nootkatone,water,alcohol-soluble extractives,water-soluble extractives,and total ash content of the A.oxyphylla fruit are collected by common analysis and detection techniques.The average values?are 0.17%,6.94%,11.69%,22.28% and 4.33%,respectively.The average Nootkatone,water,alcohol-soluble extractives,water-soluble extractives,total ash,and volatile oil content from A.oxyphylla seed are 0.25%,6.99%,9.66%,18.73%,4.57%,1.52%;the average Nootkatone,water,alcohol-soluble extractable,water-soluble extractable,total ash,and volatile oil content of Salt A.oxyphylla seed are 0.24%,6.65%,10.20%,21.68%,6.03%,1.42%.The results show that there is a significant difference in content of A.oxyphylla and its decoction,which can provide a basis for its quality control and reasonable clinical application.Secondly,establishment of the quantitative analysis model of A.oxyphylla fruits with NIRS.Combining NIRS analysis technology withthe content of chemical constituents of the A.oxyphylla fruit,a partial least squares(PLS)method was used to establish a quantitative analysis model of five constituents in the A.oxyphylla fruit.The internal cross-validation determination coefficients(R2)of the Nootkatone,water,alcohol-soluble extractives,water-soluble extractable,and total ash content in the A.oxyphylla fruit are 0.9819,0.9754,0.9937,0.9818,0.9837,respectively;the corrected mean square error(RMSEC)are0.0035,0.0020,0.0029,0.0085,0.0016,respectively;the predicted mean square error(RMSEP)are 0.0039,0.0023,0.0034,0.0100,0.0017,respectively.The results showed that the five NIRS quantitative analysis models established were accurate and stable,and could be used to rapid determine different ingredients in A.oxyphylla fruit.Thirdly,Establishment of NIRS quantitative analysis model of A.oxyphylla seeds.Through TQ 8.0 software,the raw spectrum was pre-processed,and the appropriate modeling band and the best number of main factors were selected.The PLS method was used to establish a quantitative analysis model of NIRS of six components in A.oxyphylla seeds.The R2 of the Nootkatone,water,alcohol-soluble extractives,water-soluble extractives,total ash,and volatile oil content in A.oxyphylla seeds are 0.9892,0.9845,0.9782,0.9848,0.9765,0.9943,respectively;RMSEC are 0.0047,0.0026,0.0038,0.0056,0.0015,0.0238,respectively;RMSEP are 0.0049,0.0029,0.0042,0.0067,0.0016,0.0256,respectively.The results show that the six NIRS quantitative analysis models established are quasi-stable and can accurately determine the content of unknown samples.Fourthly,establishment of NIRS model of salt A.oxyphylla seeds.By collecting NIRS data of each sample,combined with conventional analysis methods to obtain content data and chemometric methods,the PLS method was used to establish a NIRS quantitative analysis model of the six constituents in salt A.oxyphylla seeds.The NIRS analysis models of the round Nootkatone,water,alcohol-soluble extractives,water-soluble extractable,total ash,and volatile oil content in salt A.oxyphylla seeds are 0.9860,0.9816,0.9793,0.9877,0.9759,0.9870,respectively;RMSEC are 0.0046,0.0041,0.0040,0.0062,0.0024,0.0281,respectively;RMSEP are 0.0047,0.0042,0.0043,0.0074,0.0027,0.0308,respectively.The results show that the established model predictions indicate that the model is accurate and stable.The established model can quickly,simultaneously,and accurately detect 6components of salt A.oxyphylla seeds.Fifthly,establishment of qualitative analysis model.Qualitative analysis model of different origins and different parts of A.oxyphylla was established by using NIRS and discriminant analysis.The discriminant analysis model established is 100% accurate for the identification of the calibration set samples and the prediction accuracyof the samples for the verification set.It can accurately perform qualitative analysis of different origins and different decoction pieces.NIRS qualitative method for TCM can provides basis in its further application. |
