Study On The Status Quo And Influencing Factors Of Self-Perception Aging Of The Elderly In Elderly Care Institutions

Objectives Understand the current state of self-perceived aging in elderly care institutions.Explore the main factors that affect the self-perception of the elderly in institutions,and analyze the path of action among the various factors.Provide a theoretical basis for the staff of the institution to guide the elderly in the elderly care institutions to form a positive aging perception and formulate reasonable intervention measures.Methods From October 2018 to March 2019,a convenient sampling method was adopted.Seven elderly care institutions in Tangshan City were selected,and all elderly persons aged 60 years or older in the old care institutions were taken as the research objects to conduct a questionnaire survey.General Information Questionnaire(including gender,age,marital status,education level,etc),the Brief Aging Perceptions Questionnaire,quality of life scale for elderly in nursing homes,daily life activity scale,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness and 15-Item Geriatric Depression Scale were used as evaluation tools to investigate the status and influencing factors of self-perception aging among 513 elderly people in pension institutions.The database was established with Excel software and analyzed with SPSS22.0 statistical software.The measurement data was expressed as mean ± standard deviation;the count data was expressed as frequency and composition ratio(%).Independent factor t test or single factor analysis of variance were used for single factor analysis,multiple stepwise regression analysis was used for multiple factor analysis,and Person correlation analysis was used for correlation test.AMOS21.0 software was used to conduct path analysis on the meaningful results among multiple factors to study the direct and indirect effects among the various factors.Results 1 The elderly self-perception aging status of the elderly institutions.The average score of the elderly self-perception aging institutions is(51.53±8.63)points,of which the chronic temporal dimension items are equally divided into(2.92±0.87)points,and the emotional representation dimensions are equally divided into(2.43±0.56)points,negative control and results dimension items are divided into(3.54±0.58)points,positive control dimension items are divided into(2.88±0.79)points,positive result dimension items are divided into(3.05±0.68)points,self-perception aging scores are at a moderately high level.2 Single-factor analysis of self-perception aging of the elderly in pension institutions.The results show that age,education level,household registration,number of children,occupational nature,type of chronic disease,whether to use drugs,income status,economic source,marital status,whether the habit is used,family visit frequency,whether voluntary,reason for staying,sleep quality,Barthel Index,quality of life,well-being and depression are related to self-perception aging,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).When the elderly in the institution are high in age,low in education,engaged in manual labor,rural areas,low income,many types of chronic diseases,taking drugs,living unaccustomed,less frequent family visits,involuntary residence,unable to take care of themselves or forced to stay Sleep disorders,severe dependence on daily life abilities,low quality of life,lower happiness,and tendency to depression,the elderly self-perception aging is more serious;when the elderly are married,have 1~2 children,and have retirement pensions,the degree of self-perception aging is relatively light.3 Multi-factor analysis of elderly self-perception aging in pension institutions.The results show that age,education level,number of children,whether to use drugs,whether to live habitually,quality of life,depression,and sense of well-being are the significant influencing factors of self-perception aging in the elderly in institutions,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).4 Path analysis of influencing factors.The results show that age,education level,whether to use drugs,the number of children,and whether they are used to habit can affect the self-perception aging of the elderly in institutions through direct and indirect paths.Quality of life,well-being,and depression are both intermediary variables,and also have a direct effect on the self-perception of the elderly in institutions.Conclusion 1 Elderly people in aged care institutions have moderately high self-perception aging scores,and aging perception is more negative.2 Multi-factor analysis results show that age,education level,number of children,whether to use drugs,whether to adapt to living,quality of life,depression and well-being are influencing factors of self-perception aging.Nursing staff in old-age institutions should pay attention to the elderly in institutions with high age,low education level,no children,medication,unhabited living,poor quality of life,depression and low happiness,which can relieve their self-perception aging,promote active aging and improve the quality of life.3 Quality of life,depression,and well-being can both indirectly affect intermediary factors and directly affect the self-perception aging of the elderly in institutions.More attention should be paid to the physical and mental health of the elderly,and reasonable intervention measures should be formulated to improve their physical and mental health to improve the elderly's positive perception of self-aging,so as to promote the elderly's health and elderly care,and improve the quality of life and satisfaction.Figure 7;Table 15;Reference 131...