Analysis Of Risk Factors Related To Perinatal GBS Infection And Its Impact On Pregnancy Outcomes

Objective Group B Streptococcus(GBS)as an opportunistic pathogen,its infection can cause a series of adverse pregnancy outcomes of mothers and infants,of which the effects on newborns are particularly serious.This article will analyze the status of group B streptococcus infection,its impact on maternal and infant outcomes,and related risk factors to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of group B streptococcal infections.Methods A retrospective analysis of 5340 pregnant women who completed childbirth and had GBS examination during pregnancy in the Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April 2018 to June 2019.227 cases were counted as GBS positive,and the GBS colonization rate in the third trimester;227pregnant women with positive GBS test results were used as observation group A,and227 pregnant women who were admitted to hospital at the same time,met the inclusion exclusion criteria,and had negative GBS test results were used as control group A to explore the risk factors of GBS infection;207 cases of GBS-positive pregnant women in observation group A(20 cases of elective cesarean delivery)were taken as observation group B,and 209 cases of GBS-negative pregnant women in control group A(18 cases of elective cesarean delivery were excluded)In control group B,the final outcomes of the two groups of subjects were observed and compared,and the effects of lower reproductive tract GBS colonization on maternal and child outcomes were analyzed.Results 1.Colonization of GBS: Among 5340 pregnant women,227 wereGBS-positive,with a positive rate of 4.25%(227/5340).Compared with the 4.79%(149/3 106)of the GBS colonization rate in hospitals during the period 2014-2015,the GBS colonization rate in this area shows a downward trend.2.One-way analysis of variance for GBS infection: 227 GBS-positive pregnant women in observation group A and 227 negative-maternal pregnant women in control group A had no statistically significant differences in age composition,ethnicity,percentage of primiparas,and percentage of gestational diabetes(P> 0.05).However,there were statistically significant differences in living environment,educational level,anemia status during pregnancy,and drug-prevention status during pregnancy(P<0.05).3.Logistic regression analysis of risk factors for GBS infection: Anemia during pregnancy and a history of drug-prevention are risk factors for perinatal GBS colonization.The OR value of anemia during pregnancy was 2.166,and the 95% CI was 1.177 to 4.467.The OR value of the pregnancy-preventing medication was 1.824,and the 95% CI was 1.066 to 3.262.4.Impact of GBS infection on maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes: 207 pregnant women were available for study after elective cesarean delivery in the GBSpositive group(observation group B),and 18 pregnant women were removed for selective cesarean delivery in the GBS-negative group.There are 209 pregnant women available for study(control group B).The incidence of premature rupture of membranes,postpartum hemorrhage,chorioamnionitis,and cesarean section in observation group B were higher than those in control group B.The incidence of neonatal infection,pneumonia,and hyperbilirubinemia in observation group B Both were higher than the control group B.Conclusion 1.The colonization rate of group B streptococcus was 4.25%,and the colonization rate of group B streptococcus showed a downward trend.2.Anemia during pregnancy and history of drug delivery are risk factors for colonization of group B streptococcus.3.Group B streptococcal infection can increase cesarean section yield.4.Group B streptococcal infection can increase the incidence of adverse maternal outcomes such as premature rupture of membranes,chorioamnionitis,and postpartum hemorrhage.5.Group B streptococcal infection can increase the incidence of neonatal pneumonia,neonatal infection,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia type and other symptoms,causing a series of adverse neonatal outcomes.