Anti‐Aging Mechanism Of Velvet Antler Extract On Caenorhabditis Elegans

Aging is a natural and inevitable process of organisms over time.It is a complex natural phenomenon,including innocuous features such as graying of the hair and wrinkling of the skin.It is also manifested as a structural degeneration and a decline in function,a decline in physical and psychological adaptability and resistance,and a gradual trend towards death.Aging can also cause common age-related diseases such as heart disease,cancer,stroke,chronic lower respiratory tract disease,type 2 diabetes,and neurodegeneration,so the research on aging is of great significance to human health and social development.Antlers are stags or red deer stags that are not ossified and have hairy horns.It is a traditional Chinese medicine which is one of the important animal medicines or functional foods widely used in China for centuries.Moreover,it has antioxidant,health and other functions.However,the mechanism of action of velvet antler in the body is not clear.In this paper,Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an animal model to study the effect of velvet antler extract on anti-aging and its molecular mechanism.The main contents included the deer antler methanol extract(DAE-100)prolonged the maximum lifespan of nematodes under oxidative stress.In terms of nematode reproductive ability,the experiment observed and counted the spawning cycle and the number of spawning of the nematode,founding that DAE-100 could not prolong the spawning cycle of the nematode,and had no effect on the number of nematodes spawning.On the aspect of nematode motility,the test counted the swallowing frequency of the nematode swallowing pump and the number of times the nematode swung,showing that the DAE-100 could increase the swallowing frequency of the nematode swallowing pump and the number of times that the nematode swivels the head.With regard to the resistance of nematodes to the outside world,the effect of DAE-100 on the resistance to heat stress of nematodes was further tested by a heat stress test,and experimental results showed that DAE-100 could enhance the resistance of nematodes to high temperatures.Furthermore,the experiment detected the effects of DAE-100 on the AD model CL4176 nematodes and PD model NL5901 nematodes,which found that DAE-100 could delay AD-induceparalysis and prolong the life of PD model NL5901 nematodes.In the study of the antioxidative mechanism of DAE-100,the antioxidant capacity in vitro of DAE-100 was tested by DPPH detection,which found that velvet antler extract DAE-100 could not remove reactive oxygen species(ROS)in vitro,but H2 DCFDA fluorescence staining test showed that it could significantly reduce ROS levels in nematodes.DAE-100 could prolong the lifespan of daf-2,eat-2 and glp-1 under oxidative stress,but could not extend the lifespan of clk-1.Therefore,the antioxidant activity in vivo of DAE-100 might be mediated through the CLK-1 signaling pathway,rather than the DAF-2,EAT-2 or GLP-1 pathway.Further research showed that DAE-100 could promote the nuclear localization of SKN-1 and up-regulate the expression of its downstream genes gst-4,gst-7 and gst-10 in nematodes.This study showed that SKN-1 mediated the antioxidant activity of velvet antler extract(DAE-100)in C.elegans and prolonged the healthy life.Beacuse of good antioxidant effect of DAE-100,it was shown to be a potential treatment for oxidative damage.