| Deer velvet antler(VA),a type of precious traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)which as famous as ginseng,has always been regarded as the first animal-derivative medicine.There are a large number of records and examples in traditional Chinese medicine or folk prescriptions that using VA in combination to treat some diseases and having a good therapeutic effect.The generation and regeneration of VA are all come from antler stem cells.In recent years,experimental studies show that VA stem cells have great potential to stimulate cell division and differentiation and to regulate the balance of the immune system in vivo,which shows the potential of VA in improving or treating relevant human diseases.Three animal models including rheumatoid arthritis(RA),radiation-induced skin injury and mammary gland hyperplasia were established in this study.The efficacy of VA was discussed in these diseases.Rheumatoid arthritis is a kind of chronic systemic and autoimmune disease.The main pathological manifestations are synovitis,synovial cell proliferation,cartilage damage,etc.Long term suffering from RA disease can lead to disability,affect health life,shorten life expectancy,and increase social and economic burden.Herbal medicines combination containing VA are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in many Chinese folk prescriptions.In this research,C57BL6 mice model of rheumatoid arthritis was established.Biological activity of antler stem cells was studied by treating the mice.Comparing with the model group,the swelling of toes and ankles in the treatment group was significantly reduced(Mann Whitney test,Z=-3.984,P<0.001),while the integrity of articular surface,cartilage and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly improved(Mann Whitney test,Z=-3.642,P<0.001).The pharmacological effect of antler stem cells on rheumatoid arthritis model mice was proved according to the test results.Skin is the largest organs of the body.It is the first barrier against harmful substances such as bacteria and viruses.The life safety would be threatened when the skin is damaged in a large area or seriously.There are many ways have been tried to achieve the best wound healing effect.That is,to restore the normal structure of the skin and realize the regeneration of the function rather than leaving scars.The researchers found that the giant wounds left on the horn handle after antler shedding can heal rapidly and scarlessly in the process of antler growth.Antler extract has been used to improve the speed and quality of wound healing in folk.It has been proved that the fast wound healing is achieved by the function of antler stem cells.In this study,the radiation-induced skin injury model of SD rats was established by generalβ-ray(Sr90)irradiation.The injury was treated with antler stem cells.The results showed that compared with the control group,the wound healing rate in the treatment group was significantly improved(χ~2=51.314,P<0.001)while the number of skin accessory organs in the treatment group was significantly increased(Mann Whitney test,Z=-3.409,P<0.001).It could be found that the biological effect of antler stem cells could promote skin healing of animal model of radiation-induced skin injury.Hyperplasia of the mammary gland is mainly caused by hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissue,mammary ducts,mammary glands and epithelial cells of ducts,which have been bothering women’s health.Antler plate,dead tissue of antler completely ossified,can attach to the horn handle of living tissue safely,which has been widely used in folk to treat breast hyperplasia.Researchers believe that antler plate contains substances regulating hormone secretion level.A mammary gland hyperplasia model of ICR mice was established in this study.Comparing with the model group,the height of the nipple in the treatment group was significantly lower(LSD test,mean difference=0.46±0.11,P<0.001);the diameter of the nipple was significantly reduced(LSD test,mean difference=0.58±0.10,P<0.001);and the mammary gland hyperplasia was significantly reduced(Mann Whitney test,z=-3.650,P<0.001)after one month treatment.It was proved that the water extract of antler plate was effective in the treatment of breast hyperplasia.In this paper,three animal models of rheumatoid arthritis,skin wound healing and mammary gland hyperplasia were established.The intervention effects of antler stem cells and water extract of antler plate on three animal models were studied.Biological activities of antler stem cells and corresponding extract of antler plate were proved,which provided the experimental basis for further development and scientific use of antler products. |
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