The Effects Of Physical Exercise On Sleep Quality,Anxiety And Depression Of College Students

Background of Research:As an important force for future social construction,college students are greatly valued by the government,the society and the family for their physical and mental health development.Although the central committee of the communist party of China,the state council,the ministry of education,the general administration of sport and other departments continue to issue policy documents on physical health and mental health education,they have failed to stop the pace of inadequate physical activity and unhealthy psychology becoming common public health problems among college students.Purpose of Research:To have an in-depth understanding of the overall situation of physical exercise,sleep quality,anxiety and depression among college students,as well as the influence characteristics of physical exercise on sleep quality,anxiety and depression among college students,so as to provide support and basis for the government and the administrative departments of colleges and universities to curb the decline of physical health of college students and gradually improve their mental health problems.Method of Research:This study adopts the methods of literature,questionnaire and mathematical statistics.Taking "physical exercise","physical exercise","physical activity","college students","college students","psychology","depression","anxiety","sleep" as the search terms,literature materials were collected in databases such CNKI and web of science(core collection).In Song-Jiang six colleges and universities(Shanghai International Studies University,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai Institute of Visual Art,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,DongHua University,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,etc.)as the object of investigation source,will be prepared ahead of paper questionnaire input "Wen Juan Xing",in the form of electronic questionnaire investigation,including “The Self-Made General Questionnaire”,"The Physical Activity Rating Scale","Self-Rating Depression Scale","Self-Rating Anxiety Scale",and “The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index”,and so on.With the help and organization of college physical education teachers,random cluster sampling was carried out in the physical education classes of colleges and universities,and the testing time was the fall semester of 2019.A total of 2,110 freshmen and sophomores participated in the survey.The counting data were expressed by frequency and percentage,and the measurement data were expressed by the mean and standard deviation.Independent sample t-test was used for the comparison of the mean between two groups,and one-way analysis of variance was used for the comparison of the mean between multiple groups.Double-tail test was used for all statistical inferences.The test level of independent sample t-test,chi-square test,one-way ANOVA was set as 0.05,and the difference of p < 0.05 was statistically significant.The test level of LSD method for post multiple comparisons among the three groups were set as 0.0167,and P < 0.0167 indicated that the difference was statistically significant.All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS22.0 software.Result of research:(1)The overall effective rate of the samples in this questionnaire survey was 85.36%,the prevalence rate of insufficient physical exercise was 56.5%,the prevalence rate of sleep quality problems was 16.5%,the prevalence rate of anxiety was 22.2%,and the prevalence rate of depression was 34.9%.(2)The prevalence rates of physical exercise deficiency,sleep problems,depression,and anxiety were significantly higher in sophomores than in freshmen(p < 0.001).The prevalence rate of physical exercise deficiency and depression in female college students was significantly higher than that in male college students(p < 0.001).The prevalence rate of depression and anxiety among singleton students was significantly lower than that among non-singleton students(p < 0.05).The prevalence rate of physical exercise deficiency in rural college students was significantly higher than that in urban college students(p < 0.05).The prevalence rate of students who participated in the association was significantly lower than those who did not(p < 0.05).Within the other demographic characteristics,there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence rates of physical exercise deficiency,sleep problems,anxiety and depression.(3)The scores of sleep quality,anxiety and depression of sophomore students were significantly higher than that of freshmen students.The score of physical exercise of male college students was significantly higher than that of female college students(p < 0.001),and the score of depression was significantly lower than that of female college students(p < 0.01).The score of depression in only child college students was significantly higher than that in non-only child college students(p < 0.05).The physical exercise score of urban registered college students was significantly higher than that of rural registered college students(p < 0.01).The score of physical exercise of college students participating in the association was significantly higher than that of college students not participating in the association(p < 0.0001).Within the other demographic characteristics,there were no statistically significant differences in physical exercise,sleep quality,anxiety,and depression scores between the two groups.(4)The scores of sleep quality,anxiety and depression were not the same among the three groups of physical exercise amount,namely large,medium and small(P < 0.001).The higher the physical exercise amount,the lower the scores of sleep quality,anxiety,and depression.In terms of sleep quality scores,there was only a significant difference between the high-exercise group and the low-exercise group(p < 0.001).In terms of anxiety scores,the scores of the high-exercise group and the medium-exercise group were significantly different from those of the low-exercise group(p < 0.001),but the differences between the high-exercise group and the medium-exercise group were not significant(p > 0.0167).In terms of depression scores,there were significant differences among different exercise groups(p < 0.0167).Conclusion of Research:(1)The overall situation of physical exercise,sleep quality,anxiety,and depression in college students is not optimistic.In terms of demographic characteristics,physical and mental health problems of senior students(sophomores)and female college students are more worrying.(2)The higher the amount of physical exercise,the lower the scores of depression,anxiety and sleep quality,and the higher the level of mental health.