Research On The Cognition And Construction Of Courses About Organ Donation Of University Students In Chongqing

Objective:Organ transplantation is an important medical means to save the life of patients with organ failure.However,the worldwide shortage of organ donation has seriously restricted the wide range of transplant operations.The current level of organ donation in China is far from the world average level and the actual demand.Knowledge of organ donation is an important factor affecting the willingness to donate,and education is an important channel to improve the cognitive status.University students are not only an important group supporting and promoting social public welfare activities,but also the follow-up force of the new generation of organ donation.The improvement of their donation cognition is more urgent.However,there is no research report on the comprehensive and systematic organ donation curriculum education system for university students in China.This study intends to make a cross-sectional survey of the knowledge,attitude and willingness of organ donation among universtity students in Chongqing,compare and analyze the key factors affecting the willingness of organ donation and combine the preliminary survey results and domestic and foreign literatures to construct the curriculum content system of organ donation education scientifically.In order to help improve the organ donation awareness and donation level of college students,to provide reference for the implementation of organ donation education and practice activities,but also to enrich the content of organ donation education and training in China.Methods:1.Questionnaire survey is used to understand the current status of university students' organ donation knowledge,attitude and willingness and analysis of influencing factors.Objective sampling method is used to select 1,589 undergraduate students from 5 higher education universities including Southwestern University,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Sichuan Fine Arts Institute,and so on for questionnaire survey.The questionnaire includes: general information,organ donation knowledge scale,organ donation attitude scale,organ donation willingness scale and death attitude profile-revised.Data were collected and input into Excel software and analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software.2.Semi-structured qualitative interview method is used to deeply understand the attitudes and needs of university students in the course of organ donation.Based on the previous literature research,the semi-structured interview outline was determined by qualitative research method.According to the principle of information saturation,a total of 18 medical students were included in this study to investigate their attitudes towards organ donation and related knowledge needs.Through the Colaizzi's analysis method,transcribed 18 recordings into words and extracted subject words from them,and finally formed a pool of some expert correspondence questionnaire items.3.Delphi method is used to construct the course content system of organ donation scientifically.According to the preliminary survey results and the accumulation of domestic and foreign literature,a preliminary pool of organ donation course contents and items was formed.After repeated discussions,the research group further formulated the organ donation course content system for university students.We have invited 22 experts from education,medicine,law and other related domains,using the Delphi method for organ donation curriculum content system of two rounds enquiry.Ultimately determine the scientific system of organ donation programme content.Results:1.Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of university students' knowledge,attitude and willingness to donate organs.In this study,a total of 1,589 sophomore university students with an average age of 19.82±2.79 were investigated,ranging from 18 to 24 years old,to reduce the impact of enrollment or graduation on students,excluding those who could not communicate normally and had serious diseases recently and were unwilling to cooperate.The knowledge score of organ donation of university students in Chongqing was 7.06±1.45(full score of 10),the attitude score of organ donation was 4.47±0.87(full score of 7),and the proportion of university students willing to donate organs(including signed and unsigned organ donation cards)was only 9.81%.Factors influencing university students' willingness include: knowledge of organ donation,family members attitude toward organ donation and death attitude of themselves.2.Interview results of university students' demand for organ donation courses.According to the needs of organ donation curriculum,five themes and 14 sub-themes were extracted.(1)necessity and reason analysis of organ donation courses: medical professional needs,objective education and lack of knowledge,important practical significance on promoting organ donation;(2)demand and degree analysis of the course content of organ donation: the greatest demand degree of the donation process,donation policy,legal and ethical content should be popularized,including communication skills & humanistic knowledge should be appropriately added;(3)the choice of organ donation course teaching mode: the elective course as the main teaching mode,the theory teaching is indispensable,practice,experiential teaching should be widely adopted;(4)organ donation course learning object extension: non-medical university students,the public;(5)own participation in the promotion of organ donation courses attitude and views: identify value,actively promote,respect the opinions of the promotion object,actively avoid promoting to sensitive groups.3.Expert consultation results on the construction of the course content system of organ donation for university students in Chongqing.Two rounds of expert letter consultation were conducted for the organ donation course content system.Expert positive coefficient were 100.00%,95.45% respectively,the expert authority coefficient were 0.834,0.848,the variation coefficient were 0.146,0.126,the Kendall harmonious coefficient were improved(P < 0.05).Expert opinion has certain representativeness after two rounds of enquiry and the results are scientific and reliable.After the discussion and modification,the research group finally formed the organ donation course content system with 6 first-level items including the essence of organ donation education,cultural concepts,ethical issues,laws and regulations,medical knowledge,psychological care,17 second-level items and 46 third-level items of organ donation curriculum content system.Conclusion:1.University students in Chongqing stil lack of knowledge of organ donation.Compared with university students in other regions,the attitude of organ donation is relatively positive,but the willingness level of active organ donation is still low,and the proportion of voluntary organ donation needs to be improved urgently.The study found that the factors influencing the willingness to donate were related to the knowledge of organ donation,the attitude of family members and the attitude to death.2.University students in Chongqing generally agree to take organ donation courses on campus and have their own needs in terms of course contents and teaching methods.It is suggested that universities should actively construct targeted organ donation courses and adopt flexible and diverse education methods to fully stimulate their enthusiasm for organ donation.3.This research scientifically constructs the organ donation curriculum content system,which includes organ donation nature education,organ donation culture idea,ethical issues related to organ donation,organ donation laws and regulations,the organ donation of medical knowledge,organ donation of psychological care as the 6 first-level entries,17 second-level entries and 46 third-level entries.Expert evaluation shows that the course content system is scientific and reasonable and could be further promoted and applied.