| Objective:This study was to understand the status of depressive symptoms among junior high school students through surveys,and to explore the influencing factors of depressive symptoms from the perspectives of personal characteristics,family characteristics,behavioral lifestyles,self-rated health status,negative life events and coping styles.At the same time,the interrelationships between the influencing factors and their effects on depressive symptoms were discussed in detail,and the scientific evidence was provided in order to prevent and reduce depressive symptoms of junior high school students.Methods:In this study,a total of 3,081 students were selected as the participants from 8 junior high schools in Ganzhou City.The questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate participants,and the content of the questionnaire included personal characteristics,family characteristics,behavioral lifestyles,self-rated health status,depressive symptoms,sleep quality,negative life events and coping styles.Epidata 3.1 was used to establish database and entry data,and IBM SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 23.0 were used to perform the statistical analyses.Results:1.The prevalence of depressive symptoms among participants was 19.9%.Among them,mild,moderate and severe depressive symptoms accounted for 15.8%,3.1% and 1.0%,respectively.The total score of depressive symptoms among participants was 1.59±0.62.Among the factors,the general-associated depressive symptoms score was 1.54±0.63,the academic-associated depressive symptoms score was 1.72±0.74,and the interpersonal-associated depressive symptoms score was 1.47±0.74,respectively.2.Gender,grade,satisfaction with mental life,relationship with parents,regular diet,eating habits,dieting,physical exercise frequency,self-perceived study stress,sleep quality,negative life events,positive coping,and negative coping styles were independent influence factors of depressive symptoms(P < 0.05).Girls(95% CI:0.551-0.899)were less likely to experience depressive symptoms than boys;The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who were in the second and third grade were 1.623 times(95% CI:1.164-2.262)and 2.254 times(95% CI:1.615-3.145)than participants who were in the first grade,respectively.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who were not satisfy with mental life was 1.556 times(95% CI:1.209-2.001)than those were satisfy with mental life.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who were alienated from parents was 1.527 times(95% CI:1.183-1.971)than those not alienated from parents.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants with irregular diet was 1.450 times(95% CI:1.100-1.913)than those with regular diet.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who were eaters or vegetarians was 1.457 times(95% CI:1.036-2.050)and 1.605 times(95% CI:1.027-2.509)than participants who were meat-and-vegetable collocation.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who have taken a diet was 1.450 times(95% CI:1.106-1.902)than those who have not taken a diet.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants without regular exercise was 1.562 times(95% CI:1.116-2.186)than those with exercise more than 3 times / week.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who were in high study stress was 1.803 times(95% CI:1.413-2.300)than those in not high study stress.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who were in poor quality of sleep was 3.243 times(95% CI:2.237-4.521)than participants who were in good quality of sleep.For each increased in the scores of negative life events,positive coping style,and negative coping style,the risk of depressive symptoms increased by 1.067,0.941,and 1.165 times.3.The results of structural equation model analysis of the participants’ depressive symptoms showed that when positive coping style and negative life events were used as mediators,family characteristics directly or indirectly affect depressive symptoms,and the total effect was 0.154.Self-rated health status directly or indirectly affected depressive symptoms,with a total effect of 0.839.Negative life events can directly affect depressive symptoms,or they can indirectly affect depressive symptoms through positive coping style and the total effect value was 0.136.The direct effect of positive coping style on depressive symptoms was-0.055.Self-rated health status has the largest direct and total effects on depressive symptoms.4.The results of structural equation model analysis of the participants’ depressive symptoms showed that when negative coping style and negative life events were used as mediators,family characteristics directly or indirectly affect depressive symptoms,and the total effect was 0.157.Self-rated health status directly or indirectly affected depressive symptoms,with a total effect of 0.836.Negative life events can directly affect depressive symptoms,or they can indirectly affect depressive symptoms through negative coping style and the total effect value was 0.153.The direct effect of negative coping style on depressive symptoms was 0.066.Self-rated health status has the largest direct and total effects on depressive symptoms.Conclusions:1.It was high that the prevalence of depressive symptoms among junior high school students in Ganzhou City,and depressive symptoms of junior high school students need to be improved.2.Gender,grade,satisfaction with mental life,relationship with parents,regular diet,eating habits,dieting,physical exercise frequency,self-perceived study stress,sleep quality,negative life events,positive coping,and negative coping styles were independent influence factors of depressive symptoms3.There were many ways to affect the depressive symptoms of junior high school students;Family characteristics and self-rated health status can directly affect depressive symptoms,and they can also have indirect effects on depressive symptoms through negative life events,positive coping style,and negative coping style.Negative life events can directly affect depressive symptoms,and they can also indirectly affect depressive symptoms through positive and negative coping styles. |
