| With a long history of application,Chinese traditional medicine has made outstanding contributions to the health of the Chinese people.The nutritional elements in Chinese herbal medicine play an important complementary role in human nutrition therapy and have an active regulatory role in biological molecules.The harmful metal elements in Chinese herbal medicine,with the accumulation of a certain amount,will seriously affect the human system,lead to poisoning problems,and even cause tumors.The control of inorganic elements is always a difficult problem in the quality management of traditional Chinese medicine,it is urgent to establish a scientific method to realize the accurate determination of the concentration of inorganic elements in Chinese herbal medicine.Chinese plants can be divided into 26 orders and 141 families,In this work,Cistanche deserticola,Lithospermum and Fritillaria from 10 different places were studied.The determination methods of 21 inorganic elements in three kinds of medicinal materials were established,and their inorganic elements were comprehensively analyzed.The main component analysis and element correlation analysis of samples were carried out by using statistical software.The specific research contents are as follows:In the second chapter,the microwave digestion method and ICP-MS method for the simultaneous determination of 21 inorganic elements in Cistanche deserticola were established.The reliability of this method was verified by linearity and range,accuracy,precision,detection limit and quantitative limit.The linear ranges of the measured elements are as follows:(1)Arsenic,boron,barium,beryllium,chromium,cadmium,cobalt,molybdenum,aluminum,copper,manganese,nickel,tin,vanadium and zinc are all 0?100 ug/L,(2)Iron is 2000?5000 ug/L,(3)calcium and magnesium are 1000?10000 ug/L,(4)lead and mercury are 0?10 ug/L.(5)strontium is 5-50 ug / L.The correlation coefficients of calibration curves for each element are more than 0.999,and the recovery rates are between 85% and 105%.In this chapter,the principal component analysis and correlation analysis were carried out for the elements of Cistanche deserticola in 10 different areas by SPSS software.It was concluded that the characteristic inorganic elements of Cistanche deserticola were V,Pb,Ca,Cu,Ni,Fe,Mo,B,As,Zn and Mg.According to the comprehensive scores of principal components,the Cistanche deserticola from 10 producing areas were ranked as follows: Xinjiang > Hetian > Gansu > Anhui > Ningxia > Alxa > Yunnan > Qinghai > Inner Mongolia > Tibet.In total,35 pairs of inorganic elements were correlated with each other in Cistanche deserticola.They have strong correlation.In the third chapter,21 kinds of inorganic elements in Lithospermum are determined,and the content of elements in 10 places is quite different.Principal component analysis and correlation analysis are carried out with SPSS software for the determination results of elements in 10 different places.The elements that play a key role in the quality of the inorganic elements in Lithospermum are Fe,Pb,Zn,Hg,As,Cu,Mo,Cd,B,Ca and Sr.According to the comprehensive scores of principal components,the order of shikonia from 10 producing areas is: Guizhou > Sichuan > Xinjiang > Inner Mongolia > Jiangxi > Hebei > Guangxi > Hunan > Shanxi > Shandong.In total,27 pairs of inorganic elements of Lithospermum are correlated with each other.they have strong correlation.In the fourth chapter,21 inorganic elements in Fritillaria from 10 habitats were determined.The inorganic elements with higher content in Fritillaria samples are Fe,Al and Ca,These elements are essential nutrients in the human body and play a very important role in the human body.The content of inorganic elements harmful to human body is relatively low,including Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Be,etc.which are all very low.Then principal component analysis and correlation analysis were carried out on the element determination results of Fritillaria from 10 different places.The elements that play a key role in the quality of inorganic elements of Fritillaria are Ni,Zn,Ca,Al,Ba,Cu,Mn,B and Mg.According to the comprehensive scores of principal components,the order of Fritillaria from 10 areas is: Tibet > Nanchuan > Ruoergai > Songpan > Qingchuan > Gansu > Yushu > Sichuan > Yunnan > Qinghai.Among the inorganic elements of Fritillaria,Ca-Co,Ni-Zn,Ni-Sr,Ca-Al are positively correlated,but the element correlation in Fritillaria is not strong.In Chapter 5,the fingerprints of Fritillaria,Lithospermum and Cistanche deserticola are summarized,and the fingerprints of them are different and identifiable.In addition,the differences of some inorganic elements between Fritillaria of sichuan and Cistanche deserticola of sichuan,Fritillaria of Qinghai and Cistanche deserticola of Qinghai,Fritillaria in Tibet and Cistanche deserticola in Tibet,Fritillaria in Yunnan and Cistanche deserticola in Yunnan are analyzed and compared,combined with the daily recommended intake,according to the level of element content to judge the relative quality of each herbal medicine,whether it is suitable to take.According to the determination results of samples,it can be seen that there are large differences in the amount of inorganic elements in samples from different regions of the same type of traditional Chinese medicine,which is directly related to the local soil,water source and other environmental factors;most of the samples contain more heavy metals,some of which have exceeded the relevant standards,which needs the attention of the drug regulatory authorities.The method established in this work is simple and rapid,which can provide scientific reference for the quality control and safety evaluation of Cistanche deserticola,Arnebia and Fritillaria. |
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