| Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma, one species of the Orobanchaccae family, is a perennial holoparasitic plant growing in the northwest of China. Its dry stem is used as a precious traditional medicine mainly for the treatment of insufficient kidney and essence-blood, and constipation, and so on. Recent years, excessively digging and grabbing of the herb have caused serious damage of its resource, and C. deserticola is classified as national levels two of plant protection in China. This paper is mainly to study the isolation and identification, quantitative analysis and biological activity of the chemical constituents of C. deserticola. Summarized are as follows:The first part:a review of C. deserticola studiesThe resent study situation in the distribution, pharmacological activities and chemical composition of Cistanche at home and abroad are summarized as a reference for industry development of Cistanche product.The second part:Study on the chemical constituents of Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma.By means of many chromatographic technologies, including ODS, Sephadex and Pre-HPLC, twenty-six compounds were isolated from the Methanol extract of C. deserticola. On the basis of UPLC-QQQMS% NMR data and by comparison the data with those reported in literature, the structures of these compounds were identified as 2-O-acetyl-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-3)-(4-O-caffeoyl)-O-(3-glucopyranos ide (1)、cistanoside F (2)、acteoside (3)、isoacteoside (4)、 cistanoside C (5)、2’-acetylacteoside (6)、echinacoside (7)、 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-7-pheny lethoxy-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-3)-2-O-acetyl-O-(3-glucopyranoside (8)、cistanoside A (9)、tubuloside A (10)、cistantubuloside C1/C2(11)、cistanoside B (12)、osmanthuside B (13)、leonuride(14)、8-epiloganic acid (15)、gluroside (16)、 bartsioside, (17)、6-deoxycatalpol(18)、kankanoside E (19)、 mussaenoside acid, (20)、kankanoside B (21)、kankanoside O (22)、 adenosine (23)、2,6-Dimethyloctan-1,8-diol diglucoside (24)、 p-coummaric acid (25) (3-sitosterol (26). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound and compound 24 was obtained for the first time from Cistanche.The third part:quantitative analysis of the constituents in different C. deserticola samplesAn ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQMS) with dynamic multiple reaction mode was developed to simultaneously quantify 14 constituents in Cistanche samples. The results showed that:(1) The limits of detection of the 14 compounds were less than 0.0259μg/mL, limits of quantification were less than 0.0629 μg/mL. The standard curves showed good linearity within a certain range with the correlation coefficient higher than or equal to 0.999; Methods recoveries were 100.02%～106.94%; The RSD of intra- and inter-day experiments were 0.97%-2.51% and 1.21%-3.27%, respectively. This method is sensitive, simple, fast, and accurate, and can be used for the quality control of Cistanche medicines and related food or pharmaceutical products. (2) Cistanche deserticola samples dried with different drying procedures resulted in remarkable variation on the contents of the bioactive constituents. Samples dried with freeze dryer contained much higher amounts of echinacoside and acteoside than those dried with heating or natural air. The quantification method is sensitive, simple, fast, and accurate, and can be used for the quality control of foods or pharmaceutical products containing Cistanche.The fourth part:study on the antioxidant activity of the Cistanche constituents.Ten chemical constituents of Cistanche were found to have antioxidant activity. Among these compounds, acteoside (3) and echinacoside (7) showed strong radical scavenging ability with IC50 values being 14.7 and 23.4μg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant activity of isoacteoside (4) was the strongest with an IC50 value of 1.3 μg/mL. |
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