Application Of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography In Diabetic Retinopathy

Purpose:Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)was used to observe the macular blood flow density and choroidal thickness of the macular area in patients with type 2 diabetes without obvious retinopathy and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Whether it has clinical significance.Methods:According to DR's international clinical staging criteria,20 cases of type 2diabetic patients with non-diabetic retinopathy and 21 cases of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy were collected from September 2019 to December 2019 at the Eye Center of Zhuhai People's Hospital.In addition,20 healthy non-diabetic healthy people of equivalent age were collected as the normal upper control group.All subjects used CIRRUS HD-OCT to measure the superficial capillary blood flow density of 6mm×6mm in the macular region,and then measured each with EDI-OCT mode.The choroid thickness of the macular region was grouped,and the data of each group were analyzed.One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze age,intraocular pressure,axis of the eye,macular blood flow density,and choroidal thickness,and gender was tested using a multiple-sample 2 test.Results:The foveal areas of the macular blood flow density in the normal control group,the non-diabetic retinopathy group and the non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy group were 1.59±0.15,1.20±0.43,0.90±0.39,respectively.The comparison between the three groups was statistically significant.Difference(P=0.012<0.05);the areas around the fovea were 1.76±0.11,1.41±0.35,1.12±0.36,and there were statistical differences between the three groups(P=0.031<0.05);the normal control group,The subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)in the non-diabetic retinopathy group and the non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy group was(291.73±35.87)?m,(272.35±23.88)?m,(215.48±32.69)?m,The SFCT of the non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy group was statistically different from the non-diabetic retinopathy group and the normal control group(P=0.018<0.05),while the difference between the non-diabetic retinopathy group and the normal control group was not statistically significant(P=0.053>0.05);the areas of Foveal avascular zone(FAZ)in the three groups were(0.13±0.10)mm~2,(0.24±0.17)mm~2,(0.29±0.12)mm~2,normal control group The difference between the non-diabetic retinopathy group and the non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy group was statistically significant(P=0.045<0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference between the non-diabetic retinopathy group and the non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy group(P=0.225>0.05);In addition,there were no statistical differences in age,gender,intraocular pressure,and axis of the three groups.Conclusions:The macular blood flow density in the superficial retinal capillary layer of type 2 diabetes patients and the thickness of the macular fovea choroid are significantly lower than those of normal people,and these values change more obviously with the appearance of diabetic retinopathy.OCTA is expected to become a useful tool for detecting early DR and provide a convenient way to monitor the development of DR.