Research On The Funeral Rituals Of Mongolian Style In China In The 13^th To 14^th Century

Takes the Mongolian tombs of the 13^thto 14^thcentury discovered during archaeological wrok as the studying object.Using the method of combining literature and archaeological data,we studied the Mongolian burial rites though three aspects involve rites before burial,burying rites and rites after burial and think the Mongolian burial rites have the following characteristics:First,the Mongolian burial rites are relatively simple from beginning to end.Second,they have their own unique ethnic characteristics,the most notable feature is"secret burial".Finally,they also inherited the burial rites of the other ethnic groups in the grassland and integrated these into their own national culture.Throughout the funeral of the Mongols,it shows a natural state of mind,that is to make the issue of life and death go nature.To combine the literatures and the site selection,structure of the tomb,burial container,unearthed cultural relics and sacrifices of excavation of tombs during Mongolian style 13^thto 14^thCentury,we find that Mongolian burials are different from those found in archeology which reflects mainly in the following areas:Mongolian tombs are concentrated in the highlands or between the landscape primarily;Some of the Mongolian's burial container are single-wood coffin same as the documents in the literature,there also existed one form which are free-container placed on the coffin platform directly;the unearthed cultural relics are metal,ceramics,wood,etc.without vast gold and silver recorded in literature,neither martyrdom phenomenon recorded by literature.The funeral rites were mainly influenced by religious belief and social economy.Mongolian funeral was influenced by shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism.The sacrificial materials reflect the Mongolian people's socio-economic was based on animal husbandry and supplement by hunting;A good deal of unearthed exquisite handmade articles prove that Mongols had developed handicrafts at that time;Agriculture took small proportion in Mongolia's social economy.Well-developed animal husbandry,handicrafts,hunting industry promoted business development of Mongols.