The Interaction Between The Four Books And Zhouyi In YiChuan YiZhuan

The study of the Confucian classics of the Han and Tang dynasties attached importance to the Ritual Culture in the classical texts and hoped to guide the people to follow the social order through ritual and music education,in order to realize the social order of etiquette and law from the Yao-Shun period.The study of the Confucian classics of the Han and Tang dynasties was gradually weakened by the changes of the times,the destruction of the war,and the impact of Buddhism and Taoism.Confucianism began to transform into Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism.As a pioneering figure of Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism,Cheng Yi put forward the moral theory of "Xing is Li "(the human nature is the ultimate reality),and thought that the sage's Dao in Confucianism is not Ritual Culture,but the moral nature,and the first thing of individual is not to become a gentleman who follows etiquette and law,but take Confucius and Mencius as an example,becoming a sage in virtue.This Confucian ontology theory of the human nature has become the main idea of Yi Chuan Yi Zhuan,and its formation is the result of the interaction and exchange of the Four Books and Zhouyi.In order to show how Cheng Yi realized the intercation and exchange of the Four Books and Zhouyi to set up the Confucian ontology theory of the human nature and the theory of cultivation,and finally to realize the ideal of the sages,this article is divided into six parts and goes on step by step.The first chapter is the introduction,discussing the reasons for choosing the topic and academic research status.The transformation of the Confucian studies from Han-Tang to Song-Ming was a major academic division in the history of Confucianism,and Cheng Yi was a pioneer and a foundational figure in this process.His Yi Chuan Yi Zhuan was completed with painstaking efforts throughout his life.It is a landmark work of understanding of Zhouyi in Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism.However,academic circles have relatively few research works on Yichuan Yizhuan.There is little concern about how Cheng Yi established the theory of mind and nature by exchanging the Four Books and Zhouyi.This paper tries to answer this question.The second chapter is the transformation of Confucian classic system.The Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism is based on the Confucian studies of Han and Tang dynasties.Therefore,understanding the content of the study of Confucian Classics in Han and Tang dynasties can help us to understand the reason why Cheng Yi led Confucianism into the theory of mind and nature,and established the ideal of sages.This chapter mainly discusses the spirit of ritual and music culture in the study of Confucian classics in the Han and Tang dynasties.The Confucianists expound the idea of etiquette and music in the Six Classics through gloss and notes,and interpreted the Four Books in the same way,ignoring the theory of mind and nature inherited by Confucius' saints and sages.The change of times led to the Confucian studies of Han and Tang dynasties can't adapt to the needs of society,Confucianism also entered a rigid and cumbersome predicament.The transformation of the Confucian studies has become inevitable.The third chapter is the Confucian classic system established by Cheng Yi.Cheng Yi criticized Han and Tang Classics for failing to truly pass on the Dao of Confucius'sages.Therefore,Cheng Yi reinterprets the Six Classics and the Four Books with the view of mind and nature,and he praised the Four Books and Zhouyi which is regarded as the source of the Confucianism's mind and mental nature.In order to elucidate the sages' Dao about mind and nature,Confucianism should give priority to the four books over the Six Classics,and reestablish the classical system of Confucianism by exchanging the Four Books with Zhouyi.The fourth chapter,the ontology of the human nature:the connection and exchange between the Four Books and Zhouyi.Cheng Yi believed that the ritual culture of Yao-Shun was changing all the time,while the theory of morality and human nature established by Confucius was eternal and changeless,and that's the sage's Dao.The human nature that everyone had received from Tianli(heaven)was universal and permanent and "Xing is Li"(???)is the core of the sage's Dao.In the eyes of Cheng Yi,the Four Books,Zhouyi and other classics are full of the color of the theory of mind and nature,the theory of mind and nature is the theme of Confucian classics,and the highest ideal of life is to become a sage in virtue.Cheng Yi interpreted and exchanged the thought of virtue,cosmology,ontology and cultivation in the Four Books and Zhouyi,and put forward the ontology of the human nature,whose core was"Xing is Li".Cheng Yi adopted the theory of "Xing is Li" to govern and interpret the core concepts of "Ren","Li",;"Dao","Cheng","Zhonghe","Tianming" in the pre-Qin Confucianism,and established an ontological value basis for Confucian moral ethics in the pre-Qin period.It Strengthened the philosophical speculation and theoretical charm of Confucian theory.Cheng Yi's the ontology of the human nature thought that everyone gets the human nature from TianLi,in which the sage and the folly have no difference,this is the ontological basis for individuals to cultivate their virtue 'and become sages.While,people have the temperament(????)from Yin-Yang and five elements.Qi(?)has purity and turbidity,so the temperament has good and evil,which leads to most people must overcome the selfish desire,cultivate virtue,in order to achieve the ideal of sages.The fifth chapter,the theory of cultivation:the connection and exchange between the Four Books and Zhouyi.There are very few sages born with knowledge of Dao,most people have selfish desire from turbid Qi and have no clear understanding of the nature of their own,therefore,they need to do moral cultivation all the time.The concrete principles of moral cultivation includes Be Sincere,Gewu Zhizhi(????),Be Zhong at any time.Sincerity is the original state of human nature,Cheng Yi believed that maintaining sincerity in heart,people can achieve the purity of mind and nature.Sincerity is the basic principle and method of coexistence among people,including monarch and minister,father and son,relatives and friends.Cheng Yi paid special attention to Gewu Zhizhi,which is interpreted as Gewu Qiongli.The individual gradually explores the nature of the thing and accumulates it,then his own knowledge about the theory of Li will suddenly comes to light.Only having thorough understanding of Li,personal moral cultivation can be carried on.The theory of Zhong comes From the Fourth Book and Zhouyi,Cheng Yi put forward the idea of "changing at any time to follow the Dao",which attached importance to Shi(?)and Zhong(?)in YiChuan YiZhuan.To be Zhonghe at any time is an important principle for a gentleman to cultivate himself.It should be noted that the cultivation to be sages is carried out in the daily life among human relations and cannot be separated from personal roles in real life.Cheng Yi believed that the individual can realize his sage ideal by doing his duty well and preserving his virtue.The ideal of sages are not far and distant in life.The sixth chapter,YiChuan YiZhuan:the dual meaning of the ontology of human nature.Cheng Yi exchanged the Four Books and Zhouyi with all his life,and wrote the great Confucian works-YiChuan YiZhuan.In this book,Cheng Yi constructed a theoretical system of Confucian ontology of human nature,which fully interpreted the theory of virtue and humanity in the Four Books and fully interpreted the thought of virtue and the theory of Heaven and Man in Zhouyi.Before Cheng Yi,the moral ethics in the Four Books was more prominent,but the ontology of human nature in the Four Books,was generally ignored by the Confucians,and the cosmological ontology of the theory of Heaven and Man in Zhouyi was paid attention to,but the thought of the moral ethics in Zhouyi had not been vigorously elucidated.Cheng Yi realized the ontological construction of virtue in the Four Books,and highlighted the ontological basis of the ethics of virtue in the pre-Qin Confucianism.At the same time,he realized the reappearance of the thought of mind and nature in the theory of Heaven and Man of Zhouyi.This is the dual meaning of the ontology of the human nature established by Cheng Yi in YiChuan YiZhuan.