Analysis Of Starch Residues From Stone Excavators Excavated From Gouwan Site

The former name of GouWan site is Xiaji Temple.It is located in the east of Gouwan Group Village,Zhangying Village,Shangji Town,XIchuan County,Henan Province.It is an important site in the late Neolithic Age.It has found Yangshao Culture,Qujialing Culture,and Shijiahe Culture.The relics of the four periods of the late period of the third phase of the Wangwan Culture have unearthed relics such as pottery,stone tools and bone horns.The relics mainly include house foundations,ash pits,tombs,gongs and pottery kilns.The two large and small rings found at the periphery of the site during the prehistoric period were the first discovered in the middle reaches of the Han River.Ruins.The excavation of the Gouwan site has played an important role in revealing the layout and evolution of settlements in the late Neolithic period,exploring the ancestors' plant use strategies and their relationship with the natural environment.This article is divided into four parts: The first part introduces the development process of the starch grain analysis method in the archaeological circles at home and abroad.The principle and method of starch grain analysis illustrate the purpose and significance of applying this method to the study of the Gouwan Stone Relics.The second part is the laboratory extraction,morphological analysis and species identification of the starch granules remaining on the stoneware of the Gouwan site.And in the course of this experiment,combined with their own research to establish the experimental process of pollution discrimination and pollution exclusion.The third part is to use the effective data of this study in combination with multidisciplinary research such as the study of plant remains and human bone stable isotope recipe analysis,and the ancestors of the Gouwan site during the Yangshao culture period,the Qujialing culture period,and the Shijiahe culture period.The plant utilization strategy was initially discussed.At the same time,a comprehensive study of the Da Temple site in the Hanshui River area and the ruins of the Ba Li Gang sites during the Yangshao period,the Qujialing period,and the Shijia River period was carried out.The preliminary exploration of the economic and plant use strategies of the ancestors of the late Neolithic period in the Hanjiang River Valley was preliminary.Explore.The fourth part is the conclusion.The preliminary conclusions are as follows:1.Analysis of starch grains in stoneware at Gouwan Site There were 5 starch granules found on the stoneware use surface in Yangshao Culture Period.Starch granules were classified as millet,wheat family,and genus.Nine starch granules were found on the stone surface of the Qujialing cultural period.Starch granules were classified as sorghum and wheat.72 starch granules were found on the stone surface of the Shijiahe Culture period.Starch granules included sago,rice,wheat,tuber,and genus.It can be seen that the extraction results of stone starch grains in Yangshao period and Qujialing period are not ideal,and the extraction results of stone grains in Shijiahe period are relatively satisfactory.2.There are four pieces of stoneware found in the Gouwan site.Starch granules,of which stone GWSQ4 is a stone smelting rod.The types of starch granules found are millet,wheat cultivars,and genus of genus.This stone smelting rod was used by the ancestors of Gully Bay to process millet at that time.It is used for crops such as wolfberry,alfalfa,wheat and other crops.The stoneware GWSQ9 is a stone bar.The type of starch grain found was the wheat family.This stone bar was used by the ancestors of the Gully Bay to process wheat and other crops.Stoneware GWSQ13 is a stone ball.The types of starch grains found are in the form of millet and wheat.There is no clear understanding of the function of this stone ball,but according to the starch grains extracted from this stone ball,we can see that the stone ball is At that time,it was probably used by the Gouwan ancestors to process crops such as sorghum and wheat.Stoneware GWSQ1 is a stone disc.The types of starch grains found are in the form of millet,rice,wheat,tuber,and genus,and the number is large.This indicates that the stone disc is widely processed,including various crops.Grinding of plant and fruit and rhizomes.3.By analyzing the results of the starch grain analysis experiment in the Gouwan site and combining the study of the remains of the Gouwan site and the isotope method,we can understand that the ancestors of the Yangshao culture period and to the Shijiahe culture period have been using rice and millet as a mixture.The agricultural structure,millet and rice are the main crops cultivated by the ancestors of the Gouwan site during these three periods.Among them,the most important food crop for the ancestors of the Gouwan site is millet.The ancestors of the other areas of the Hanshui River Valley also used the millet,millet and rice as the main crops in the three periods.However,the types and proportions of the main crops used by the ancestors were different.The main plant of the ancestors of the Dasi Site was the most important.The crops are millet,and the most important crop planted by the ancestors of Baligang site is rice.