Cognitive Research On Chinese Idioms Related To The Human Body

Chinese idioms are an important category in Chinese vocabulary.They are simple to use and active in people's oral expression.There are many idioms related to human body in Chinese idioms.In this paper,we will summarize the relevant idioms of Chinese human body and provide a reliable information for the further research on Chinese body idioms.Firstly,this paper starts from the internal semantics and classifies the internal semantic relations of human body idioms: single analytic idioms,double analytic idioms and escape analytic idioms.The similarity of metaphor is mainly related to appearance,characteristics,relationship,feeling,influence,position,state,function,activity result or purpose,etc.Metonymy is divided into parts that refer to the whole and part to refer to the part.Specific types mainly include tools refer to object,tools refer to product and tools refer to active,etc.According to the different types of metaphor and metonymy,this paper finds out the characteristics and laws of metaphor and metonymy.Among the types of metaphors,single analytic idioms are mainly based on perceptual similarity points that are easy to be recognized,such as appearance,characteristics,relationship,feeling and location.Double analytic idioms and escape analytic idioms are mainly based on the analytical similarity points of state,function,influence,activity result or purpose.Among the types of metonymy,the metonymy between ICM tools,products and activities is ubiquitous in various semantic types and is a common understanding solution.The type reflected sociality that tools refer to object is widespread in metonymy types.Secondly,this paper starts from the external extension type,the different extension of human body idioms are divided into: partial metaphor or metonymy?coordinate metaphor or metonymy and whole metaphor or metonymy.According to the object of metaphor and metonymy,there are ten different types of extension: A metaphor,A metonymy,B metaphor,and B metonymy;“A metaphor +B metaphor”,“A metonymy +B metonymy”,“A metaphor +B metonymy”,“A metonymy +B metaphor”;(A+B)metaphorical,(A+B)metonymy.Through the data distribution of different extension types,the advantage types of the integration of human idioms are discussed.Whole metaphor or metonymy has an absolute advantage over the other two types.(A+B)metonymy is the most metonymy type in the extended small class,and B metonymy takes second place.