The Study On The Morpheme "Shui(?)" With The Cognitive Model Theories

Under the cognitive model theories,the research takes the 251 entries included in the "Modern Chinese Dictionary"(7th edition)as object to study the“shui(?)”morpheme.The full text has six parts:The first part is the introduction.This part briefly introduces the background and significance of the topic,and also briefly introduces the cognitive model theory,the words containing“shui(?)”morpheme,and the motives.The second part is the dictionary meanings of“shui(?)”morpheme.In the Modern Chinese Dictionary,Grand Chinese word Dictionary,and Grand Chinese Dictionary,“shui(?)”morpheme has 28 different meanings,but these meanings cannot actually explain the “shui(?)” morpheme included the most words,given that this research analyzes the meanings of“shui(?)”from the perspective of cognition.Part three is the cognitive model of words containing“shui(?)”morpheme.From the perspective of cognitive linguistics,there are two kinds of basic cognitive models about words containing“shui(?)”morpheme : One is propositional model which semantic relationship between different morphemes is judging and defining,and the other is the image schema,like Source-Path-Destination,Container,Link,Part-Whole,Matching schema.words are combinations of elements from each schema.Part four is metaphorical cognition of“shui(?)”morpheme meanings.We conducted a metaphorical cognition analysis of“shui(?)”morpheme meanings and found that the “shui(?)” morpheme has 4 metaphors,like:(1)natures of shallow and light,colorless and transparent,false and unreal,(2)places of bad,and feelings,schemings,and other things,like income,expenses,(3)people(especially female),(4)position.Part five is metonymic cognition of“shui(?)”morpheme meanings.We conducted a metonymic cognitive analysis of “shui(?)” morpheme meanings and found that the“shui(?)”morpheme main transfers 7 different categories and 26 items,for example:(1)upper and lower position concepts of “shui(?)”,like liquid,boiling water,rainwater,groundwater,tap water,water of river and lake,flowing water;(2)aggregates,like a river or a part of river,the rivers and lakes,waterway,and more;(3)related situation of water,like water volume,water situation,water power;(4)position about water,like overwater,inside water,under water and water surface;(5)environment about water,like the aquatic environment of plants and animals,water-related work environment;(6)related activities about water,like swim,boil;(7)other related things of water,like the drink,pee,paddy field,water pipe,ship,and water transport accident.Part six is the cognitive motivations of“shui(?)”morpheme meanings.In view of the above results of the analysis of the meanings of “shui(?)”,from the perspective of experience cognition,the meanings of“shui(?)”can divide into a prototype recognition of original meaning and other cognitions of meanings(35 meanings),like sensory experience,physical experience and life experience which is the main cognition way.The final part is the conclusion.summarizing the conclusions of the main research.Through the study on the “shui(?)” morpheme,it not only knowns the many meanings in the semantic category of“shui(?)”morpheme,but also reveals the main reasons that the “shui(?)” morpheme has become the powerful morpheme.Due to the richness of “shui(?)”semantics,it is possible to use different meanings to construct words.In addition,it is also possible to explain the other core words such as“shui(?)”morpheme that has strong word formation ability.