A Study Of Political Changes In Syria Under The French Mandate (1920-1946)

Syria was originally a province of Damascus and Aleppo in the Ottoman Empire.After the outbreak of the World War I,the army of France occupied Syria.After ending of the First World War,with the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and Anglo-French Control of the League of Nations,France acquired the mandate in Syria.Subsequently,the rise of Arab nationalism evoked the Syria national independent movement,which forced France to adjust its strategy to maintain French rule in Syria.After ending of the Second World War,with the collapse of the British and French colonial systems and the national-independence movement,France withdraws troops,Syria ushered in national independence and liberation.This thesis is mainly divided into 3 parts as the following:The first part is the introduction part,including the reasons of selected topic,the research status at home and abroad,the theoretical and practical significance of the paper,and the research technique and innovation.The second part is the body part of thesis,including three chapters.The first chapter mainly explains the historical background of France mandate in Syria.The decline of the late Ottoman Empire led to colonial powers,such as Britain and France,which disrupted the Ottoman Empire from within through multiple infiltration methods;During World War I,Britain and France signed a secret agreement to realize the division of forces in the Arab region,France gradually adopts a political occupation of Syria;After World War I,France Uses the League of Nations to Achieve Sovereignty over Syria,incorporate it into the French colonial system.The second chapter mainly analyzes the political situation of France mandate in Syria,which is divided into two parts: direct rule and political negotiation.French direct rule against Syria between 1920 and 1926,establish administrative division management and national religion differentiation system.Between 1926 and 1946,France leads Syria to promulgate the Constitution,implement parliamentary politics,the formulation of the France-Syria treaty has enabled France to continue to influence Syria's political development,Syria uses the opportunity of "World War II" to get rid of French influence and realize national independence.The third chapter mainly discusses the institutional impact of France mandate.Awakening of national consciousness in Syria,the outbreak of the anti-imperialist struggle and the spread of nationalism promote the rise of modern political party politics.The boundary territory of Syria is determined,modern economy and infrastructure have been gradually developed,the development of cultural education has inspired new national identity.The third part is the concluding part of the thesis.France mandate in Syria is an important part of French colonial strategy after the First World War.The dual mission of colonialism has brought far-reaching influence to all aspects of Syrian society,which caused Middle East political crisis including Syria.