The Study Focus On Sacrifice Activities Of Emperor Xiaowen In Northern Wei Dynasty

Northern Wei's Sacrifice shows different characteristics of the stages,with the reform of Xiaowen Emperor as the boundary.Northern Wei sacrifice regards the ancestral blood and natural gods as the main contents,before the Reformation of Emperor Xiaowen.The rulers of the Northern Wei Dynasty made great efforts to raise the status of female ancestors in offering sacrifices,in order to give full play to the matriarchal majeure,thereby enhancing the cohesion within the nobility in the Northern Wei Dynasty,which indirectly leads to motherhood.At the same time,the rulers of the early Northern Wei Dynasty followed the natural worship of the Tuoba clan tribe,and regarded the worship of the Heaven in Western suburbs as a major event in the Northern Wei,which is in roder to increase the political identity of of the people in the conquered areas for the rule of the Northern Wei Dynasty,thus establishing the authority of the regime of Northern Wei Dynasty.However,the Xianbei old customs with matriarchal worship and natural worship made the Sacrifice show the characteristics of premaritalization in the early Northern Wei Dynasty.Until The Reform of Emperor Xiaowen,the Sacrificial Ceremony of the Northern Wei Dynastysets "theseven ancestors" as the sacrificial object of the Northern Wei Dynasty ancestral temple sacrifice,and eliminates the prerogative status of female ancestors in the worship of the Northern Wei Dynasty,which improved the Northern Wei ancestral temple worship system.At the same time,Emperor Xiaowen raised the Chinese ancestors,such as Yao and Shun,to the political ancestors of the Northern Wei Dynasty,and sacrificed them,then verified the legitimacy of the regime of the Northern Wei Dynasty furtherly by using its political authority.All of these measures made the Northern Wei regime governs China more reasonably.Furtherly,the Emperor Xiaowen put the worship of Confucius into the Northern Wei sacrificial system,and put he Confucian culture represented by Confucius into the political soil of the Northern Wei Dynastyby ritu performance of the worship of Confucius.He effectively governance the Northern Wei dynasty,the Han scholars and thebottom people by using the authority of Confucius.At that moment,the worship of Northern Wei Dynasty finished feudal transformation.As the legitimate spokesman of the regime of the Northern Wei Dynasty,Emperor Xiaowen founded a political value centered on "loyalty and filial piety" in the process of reforming the worship of the Northern Wei Dynasty.The Emperor Xiaowen consciously selected BiGan who is the typical representative of "Loyalty and Honor" as the sacrificial object,which set a fresh learning model for the subjects of the Northern Wei Dynasty and promoted the development of "Loyalty and Honor" culture in the Northern Wei Dynasty.All of these measures laid a solid foundation for the feudal transformation of the Northern Wei Dynasty.