The Historical And Cultural Relics Of Zhongshan Ancient Town And Its Heritage Protection

Our research subject,Zhongshan ancient town,is a renowned historical and cultural town.Zhongshan,located in the southern part of Jiangjin district,Chongqing,is the junction of Sichuan,Chongqing,and Guizhou Province.It has a recorded history of 867 years and used to be a ferry terminal with prosperous business.Based on “Regulations to prevent counterfeiting and shodd” found in Zhongshan,more than10 thousand people rushed here to buy rice in Qing Dynasty,from which we can imagine the thriving business trade here at that time.Zhongshan is a historical town with wonderful scenery,honest and simple locals,as well as booming culture.Sadly,with the development of economy,traditional mode of production which mainly relies on manufacture and agriculture cannot satisfy the increasingly booming demands of modern people.Meanwhile,tourism development is in the early stage of development.Hallow phenomenon and the needs to protect historical sites can also not be neglected.And yet,we should get aware of its cultural heritage value,such as,Zhongshan keeps a more whole historical landscape,and it features in the historical counties of southwestern part in China including geographic location,architectural pattern,Bas-reliefs on Precipices,classical stone inscription,folk culture and so on.Found from the epigraph in Qingxi Dragon Cave,Zhongshan was a famous scenic spot at least in the Southern Song Dynasty.From the epigraph in “Fair competition regulations”(at the end of Ming Dynasty),it was already the collection and distribution of goods trade from the middle and lower Yangtze River region.From the epigraph in “Three field towns”(in Guangxu Year of Water Dragon),historical town culture was rooted in human essence of harmony between man and nature in Qing Dynasty.From “To persuade people to do good turns” and “Regulations of prohibiting deforestation” in Qing Dynasty,the pursuit of benevolence and ecology protection could be discovered.As the group of physical protection together with the historical town,ancient manors and tombs reflect rooted nostalgia.From the aspect of intangible cultural heritage,Zhongshan Taoism Qin,Glutinous rice cake,Zhongshan wine,are important and renowned historical culture in the boarding parts of Sichuan,Chongqing,and Guizhou districts.Zhongshan reserves the ancient customs like learning from sages and warriors.These kinds of customs have a great impact on modern society,for example,banquet with one kilometer,which means hosting guests with warmest hospitality.As for learning from warriors today,Love Ladders withmore than 6 thousand ladders,digged manually,can be considered as a typical representation.Precious relics like ancient architectures,intangible cultural heritage and folk culture are good resources of revitalizing rural economy,developing rural culture,passing on fine tradition,and preserving national roots.Besides,it has high research values.This article is depicted and researched from five parts:The first part is introduction,elaborating the reasons for choosing this topic,the significance and key point of the study,and the research methods.The second part is the natural conditions and demographic environment.Ancient town is a living historical relic.The forming,developing,and flourishing of the ancient town is the outcomes of both natural environment and human actions.The natural wharfs are the environmental conditions and resource bases to develop.In other aspect,the excellent human resource is an important driving force to build its splendid culture.Mainly based on reviewing literature and on-site investigation,geographic environment like location,transportation,agriculture,resources,as well as human resource environment like population and demographic composition is introduced.Besides,working conditions regarding inheriting and protecting culture in modern society are revealed.The third part is the key point of this article,mainly elaborating the evolution of the organization system,cultural relics and historical sites,intangible cultural heritage,characteristic history and culture and so forth.The author comprehensively and precisely recorded and sorted cultural heritage of Zhongshan ancient town as possible,recording their current condition and scale.It included 3 ancient architectures,17 ancient tombs,6 ancient mansions,12 Bas-reliefs on Precipices,12 inscriptions,and 2folk culture.The forth part is the current condition of protection and inheritance of Zhongshan as well as several thoughts of the authors.The author scientifically analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the historic preservation and how to pass on intangible heritage of Zhongshan in current phase.By researching the protection mode of historical and cultural towns and counties,and referring to the characteristics of Zhongshan,specific measures are put forward as follows: positively dealing with the relationships between historic preservation and residents livings;the unity of the whole and the part of the ancient town protection;tapping into the spiritual and cultural connotation;paying attention to the coordination of innovation in theintangible cultural heritage and real needs;building the cultural common community allied with premium tourist resource and so on.The fifth part is conclusion.