Other-Race Scanning Effect:Contributions From Social Status

The cross-race effect(CRE)is the tendency to remember same-race(SR)faces better than cross-race(CR)faces,also known as own-race bias.However,the pattern of eye movements is different between own-race with other-race faces.Their results revealed that chinese participants tended to fixate upon the nose for own-race faces than other-race faces.Conversely,the eye received more fixations for other-race faces than own-race faces.It is a highly reliable effect across various races and age groups,however,there is no other national research results.In addition,contemporary accounts suggest that the CRE is influenced by the face image's social status,but there is short of results from eye movement processing patterns.This study is designed to use eye movement technology to further explore this phenomenon,trying to examine whether high-status faces can reduce or eliminate cross-race effect,and how the Han recognize own ethnic faces and other race faces and their eye movement processing patterns.Experiment 1 discussed Han subjects face processing strategy for Han and Zang faces.In Experiment la,we did a face-recognition research on Han adults.They had never directly contact with Zang.We first showed the participants a set of color Han-Zang faces,instructing them to remember these "acquaintance",and explored Han subjects face processing strategy for color Han-Zang face stimuli.The result showed that Han participants were more inclined to scan the nose region of Han faces than that of Zang faces,and more inclined to scan the mouth region of Zang faces than that of Han faces.In experiment lb,Han participants were presented with gray Han and Zang face stimuli for a face-recognition task.There was no evidence that were more inclined to scan the nose region of Han faces than that of Zang faces,and more inclined to scan the mouth region of Zang faces than that of Han faces.To fuerther explore Han subjects face processing strategy for Han and Zang faces.In Experiment 1c,Han participants were presented with gray Han and Zang face stimuli of label.The results show that Han participants were more inclined to scan the nose region of Han faces than that of Zang faces,and more inclined to scan the eye region of Zang faces than that of Han faces.Experiment 2 tested eye gaze was flexible and can be meaningfully influenced by other-race high-status faces.In Experiment 2a,each face was manipulated by experimentally constructed background color to increase the perceived social status of cross-race targets.The result showed that Han participants tended to fixate upon the nose for other-race high-status faces than other-race low-status faces.In Experiment 2b,each face was manipulated by occupational roles to increase the perceived social status of cross-race targets.The result didn't show that Han participants tended to fixate upon the nose for other-race high-status faces than other-race low-status faces.Collectively,these findings indicate that Han participants were more inclined to scan the nose region of Han faces than that of Zang faces,and more inclined to scan the mouth region of Zang faces than that of Han faces.In addition,Han participants tended to fixate upon the nose for other-race high-status faces than other-race low-status faces when CR targets were perceived as high social status.