The Writing And Constructing Of National Heroes In Anti-Japanese War(1931-1945)

According to the research of formation and propagation of national heroes texts from 1931 to 1945,this essay researches into the booming reasons of national heroes texts and their basically situation,discussing the writing and shaping about national heroes and construction process of national heroes images and the influence to the masses,analyzing the effects of historical writing about national heroes to strengthening the sense of national identity,promoting national optimism,inspiring the fighting spirit.The booming of national heroes’ texts was influenced by times.After the Anti-Japanese War,national calamity was gradually severe,leading to the "Scientific History",which purpose was to collect historical materials and to verify the truth and fault,hard to carry on.Historians put their eyes on reality.The objective of historical research changed from "pursuing trueness" to "pursuing usefulness".Writing the biography of historical figures gained its popularity and became an effective prescription to curing "National Illness".Meanwhile,historical education was regard as the important weapon of "Spiritual Defense".Historians called on the biography of historical figures to cultivating national consciousness.In this period,biography was the main form of national heroes writing and the amount surpassed more than a hundred species.Some of them were written by specialized historians.They put their research findings into historical writing,which both promoted national spirit and disseminated historical knowledge.Besides,many other scholars also participated in the writing activity and created many books about national heroes,which stimulated the booming of national heroes writing.National heroes writing in this period involved many figures,including sagacious emperors and chancellor,the heroes to fighting against enemy and to exploring border.They were rewritten according to the general objective to fighting against Japan and became the important symbols of nation-state spirit and resisting invasion,bearing the realistic care for Anti-Japanese War.According to shaping the perfect figure images,infusing nationalistic consciousness and the writing style close to times and masses,writers aroused a strong emotional resonance in readers’ hearts,which had an effect in inspiring people to following the lead of national heroes.The merits advocated in historical writing about national heroes gradually transformed people’s thinking,influenced their values and behavior,and became moral power to restricting selfhood and others.Meanwhile,the images of national heroes could not construct without establishment and encouragement by the National Government,propagation and promotion by society,and acceptation and recognition by individuals.By a series of activities of writing and shaping,the images of national heroes constructed in society.Their spirit invisibly influenced people.National heroes became an important idealistic weapon for strengthening the sense of national identity and arousing the fighting will of the masses in the period of Anti-Japanese War.